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Do pine plantations provide mycorrhizal inocula for seedlings establishment in grasslands from Patagonia, Argentina?

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Abstract

We investigated if Pinus ponderosa plantations in Patagonia are able to produce viable mycorrhizal inocula towards adjacent grasslands, which only harbor endomycorrhizal vegetation. We hypothesized that these inocula have the potential to contribute to the establishment of naturally disseminated seedlings. Also, we determined the main fungal taxa involved in this process. Seven plantations in the onset of their reproductive phase and located in the Patagonian native forest/steppe ecotone (Argentina) were selected. Soil samplings were obtained at nine points along a 450 m long, W-E transect established in each plantation. Soil bioassays were performed in a greenhouse, with P. ponderosa seedlings acting as hosts for mycorrhizal inocula present in soil samples, during 12 months. Mycorrhization percentage, morphotype richness and morphotype composition was determined through morphological evaluation. Viable ecto- and ectendomycorrhizal inocula were found disseminated outside plantations. The amount of mycorrhizal inoculum followed a decreasing function with distance to plantation edges. Mycorrhizal fungal genus Rhizopogon and “E-strain” mycorrhizal types appeared as pioneering taxa regarding seedlings colonization, being the most persistent and frequent symbionts found. Plantations, thus, facilitate the surrounding terrain for newcoming seedlings through the dispersion of mycorrhizal fungal inocula.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to owners and plantation keepers for allowing us to work in their properties. Technician Juan Monges was most helpfull for all field work done. M. Pasquini (Seed Laboratory, Centro Forestal CIEFAP and UNPSJB University) kindly provided the seeds for this study. Funding from project UNPSJB n°780 is greatly acknowledged. Dr. Efren Cázares (Oregon State University, OR, USA) kindly reviewed the English text. We acknowledge two anonymous reviewers for suggesting improvements in the manuscript. MESS is fellow and CB and MR are researchers for the National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Patología Forestal, Departamento de Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia S.J. Bosco, 9200, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina

    María Eugenia Salgado Salomón, Carolina Barroetaveña & Mario Rajchenberg

  2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    María Eugenia Salgado Salomón, Carolina Barroetaveña & Mario Rajchenberg

  3. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico, C.C. 14, 9200, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina

    Carolina Barroetaveña & Mario Rajchenberg

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  1. María Eugenia Salgado Salomón
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  2. Carolina Barroetaveña
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  3. Mario Rajchenberg
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Correspondence to Mario Rajchenberg.

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Salgado Salomón, M.E., Barroetaveña, C. & Rajchenberg, M. Do pine plantations provide mycorrhizal inocula for seedlings establishment in grasslands from Patagonia, Argentina?. New Forests 41, 191–205 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-010-9220-1

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