Abstract
A series of hydroxyapatite/alginate (HA/Alg) nanocomposites with alginate amounts varying from 10 to 40 wt% were prepared through in situ hybridization technique. The inorganic phase in the composites was carbonate-substituted HA with low crystallinity. The crystallinity of HA decreased with the increase of alginate content. HA crystallites were needle-like in shape with a typical size of 20 to 50 nm in length and 5 nm in width. FT-IR spectroscopy indicated that the chemical interaction occurred between the mineral phase and the polymer matrix. As compared to pure HA without alginate, the composites showed more homogeneous microstructures, where HA nanocrystals were well embedded in alginate matrix. Among all the samples, the composite containing 30 wt% alginate exhibited a highly ordered three-dimensional network, similar to natural bone’s microstructure.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bigi A, Panzavolta S, Roveri N (1998) Hydroxyapatite-gelatin films: a structural and mechanical characterization. Biomaterials 19:739–744
Bigi A, Boanini E, Panzavolta S, Roveri N, Rubini K (2002) Bonelike apatite growth on hydroxyapatite-gelatin sponges from simulated body fluid. J Biomed Mater Res 59:709–715
Chang MC, Ko CC, Douglas WH (2003) Preparation of hydroxyapatite-gelatin nanocomposite. Biomaterials 24:2853–2862
Du C, Cui FZ, Zhang W, Feng QL, Zhu XD, De Groot K (2000) Formation of calcium phosphate/collagen composites through mineralization of collagen matrix. J Biomed Mater Res 50:518–527
Dujardin E, Mann S (2002) Bio-inspired materials chemistry. Adv Mater 14:775–788
Furuzono T, Taguchi T, Kishida A, Akashi M, Tamada Y (2000) Preparation and characterization of apatite deposited on silk fabric using an alternate soaking process. J Biomed Mater Res 50:344–352
Gibson IR, Bonfield W (2002) Novel synthesis and characterization of an AB-type carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite. J Biomed Mater Res 59:697–708
Kikuchi M, Itoh S, Ichinose S, Shinomiya K, Tanaka J (2001) Self-organization mechanism in a bone-like hydroxyapatite/collagen nanocomposite synthesized in vitro and its biological reaction in vivo. Biomaterials 22:1705–1711
Kong L, Gao Y, Cao W, Gong Y, Zhao N, Zhang X (2005) Preparation and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res 75A:275–282
Lin HR, Yeh YJ (2004) Porous alginate/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: preparation, characterization, and in vitro studies. J Biomed Mater Res 71B:52–65
Liou SC, Chen SY, Liu DM (2005) Manipulation of nanoneedle and nanosphere apatite/poly(acrylic acid) nanocomposites. J Biomed Mater Res 73B:117–122
Mann S, Ozin GA (1996) Synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form. Nature 382:313–318
Maruyama M, Terayama K, Ito M, Takei T, Kitagawa E (1995) Hydroxyapatite clay for gap filling and adequate bone ingrowth. J Biomed Mater Res 29:329–336
Murugan R, Ramakrishna S (2004) Bioresorbable composite bone paste using polysaccharide based nano hydroxyapatite. Biomaterials 25:3829–3835
Rhee SH, Tanaka J (2002) Self-assembly phenomenon of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals on chondroitin sulfate. J Mater Sci Mater Med 13:597–600
Ribeiro CC, Barrias CC, Barbosa MA (2004) Calcium phosphate-alginate microspheres as enzyme delivery matrices. Biomaterials 25:4363–4373
Sailaja GS, Velayudhan S, Sunny MC, Sreenivasan K, Varma HK, Ramesh P (2003) Hydroxyapatite filled chitosan-polyacrylic acid polyelectrolyte complexes. J Mater Sci 38:3653–3662
Sivakumar M, Rao KP (2003) Preparation, characterization, and in vitro release of gentamicin from coralline hydroxyapatite-alginate composite microspheres. J Biomed Mater Res 65A:222–228
Sotome S, Uemura T, Kikuchi M, Chen J, Itoh S, Tanaka J (2004) Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of a novel hydroxyapatite/collagen-alginate as a bone filler and a drug delivery carrier of bone morphogenetic protein. Mater Sci Eng C24:341–347
Stupp SI, Braun PV (1997) Molecular manipulation of microstructures: biomaterials, ceramics, and semiconductors. Science 277:1242–1248
Tampieri A, Celotti G, Landi E (2005) From biomimetic apatites to biologically inspired composites. Anal Bioanal Chem 381:568–576
Teng S, Shi J, Peng B, Chen L (2006) The effect of alginate addition on the structure and morphology of hydroxyapatite/gelatin nanocomposites. Compos Sci Technol 66:1532–1538
Wang M (2003) Developing bioactive composite materials for tissue replacement. Biomaterials 24:2133–2151
Wang L, Nemoto R, Senna M (2002) Microstructure and chemical states of hydroxyapatite/silk fibroin nanocomposites synthesized via a wet-mechanochemical route. J Nanopart Res 4:535–540
Wang L, Nemoto R, Senna M (2004) Changes in microstructure and physico-chemical properties of hydroxyapatite-silk fibroin nanocomposite with varying silk fibroin content. J Eur Ceram Soc 24:2707–2715
Yamaguchi I, Tokuchi K, Fukuzaki H, Koyama Y, Takakuda K, Monma H, Tanaka J (2001) Preparation and microstructure analysis of chitosan/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites. J Biomed Mater Res 55:20–27
Zhang SM, Cui FZ, Liao SS, Zhu Y, Han L (2003a) Synthesis and biocompatibility of porous nanohydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate composite. J Mater Sci Mater Med 14:641–645
Zhang W, Liao SS, Cui FZ (2003b) Hierarchical self-assembly of nano-fibrils in mineralized collagen. Chem Mater 15:3221–3226
Zhao F, Yin Y, Lu WW, Leong JC, Zhang W, Zhang J, Zhang M, Yao K (2002) Preparation and histological evaluation of biomimetic three-dimensional hydroxyapatite/chitosan-gelatin network composite scaffolds. Biomaterials 23:3227–3234
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the national high technology research and development program of China (2006AA03Z358), and the Special Projects for Nanotechnology of Shanghai (0652 nm034).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, L., Li, Y. & Li, C. In situ processing and properties of nanostructured hydroxyapatite/alginate composite. J Nanopart Res 11, 691–699 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9431-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9431-y