Abstract
The aqueous CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized by the electrostatic reaction method. The optical properties of CdTe QDs were investigated by femtosecond Z-scan and time-resolved luminescence technique in nonresonant spectral region. The nonlinear absorption and refraction are ascribed to two-photon absorption, and time-resolved upconversion photoluminescence produces biexponential decay pattern at infrared femtosecond laser excitation. Upconversion luminescence is composed of a band-edge excitonic state and a photoinduced trapping state. The short-lived band-edge excitonic emission is independent of the detection wavelengths, and long-lived species becomes even longer with the increase of detection wavelengths, which indicates the size dependence of surface excitonic emission.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Banfi GP, Degiorgio V, Tan HM, Tomaselli A (1994) Two-photon absorption in semiconductor nanocrystals. Phys Rev B 50:5699–5702
Bawendi MG, Wilson WL, Rothberg L (1990) Electronic structure and photoexcited-carrier dynamics in nanometer-size CdSe cluster. Phys Rev Lett 65:1623–1626
Burda C, Chen XB, Narayanan R, El-Sayed MA (2005) Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes. Chem Rev 105:1025–1102
Cahalan MD, Parker I, Wei SH, Miller MJ (2002) Two-photon tissue imaging: seeing the immune system in a fresh light. Nat Rev Immunol 2:872–880
Chen W, Joly AG, McCready DE (2005) Upconversion luminescence from CdSe nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 122:224708–224714
Chen QD, Ma Q, Wan Y, Su XG, Lin ZB, Jin QH (2005) Studies on fluorescence resonance energy transfer between dyes and water-soluble quantum dots. Luminescence 20:251–255
Cotter D, Burt MG, Manning RJ (1992) Below-band-gap third-order optical nonlinearity of nanometer-size semiconductor crystallites. Phys Rev Lett 68:1200–1203
Couris S, Renard M, Faucher O, Michaut X (2003) An experimental investigation of the nonlinear refractive index of carbon disulfide and toluene by spectral shearing interferometry and z-scan techniques. Chem Phys Lett 369:318–324
Crooker SA, Barrick T, Klimov VI (2003) Multiple temperature regimes of radiative decay in CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots: Intrinsic limits to the dark exciton lifetime. Appl Phys Lett 82:2793–2795
Gao Y, Huong NQ, Birman JL, Potasek MJ (2004) Large nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor quantum dot arrays embedded in an organic medium. J Appl Phys 96:4839–4842
He J, Mi J, Li HP, Ji W (2005) Observation of interband two-photon absorption saturation in CdS nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 109:19184–19187
Irina G, Alain H (2005) Third-order non-linear spectroscopy of CdSe and CdSe/ZnS core shell quantum dots. Opt Commun 246:205–212
Jiao Y, Yu DB, Wang ZR, Tang K, Sun XQ (2007) Synthesis, nonlinear optical properties and photoluminescence of ZnSe quantum dots in stable solutions. Mater Lett 61:1541–1543
Joly AG, Chen W, McCready DE, Bovin JO (2005) Upconversion luminescence of CdTe nanoparticles. Phys Rev B 71:165304–165312
Kapitonov AM, Stupak AP, Gaponenko SV, Petrov EP, Rogach AL, Eychmuller A (1999) Luminescence properties of thiol-stabilized CdTe nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 103:10109–10113
Kim CC, Sivananthan S (1996) Optical properties of ZnSe and its modeling. Phys Rev B 53:1475–1484
Nikesh VV, Dharmadhikari A, Nozaki S, Mahamuni S (2004) Optical nonlinearity of monodispersed, capped ZnS quantum particles. Appl Phys Lett 84:4602–4604
Schmitt S, Miller DAB, Chemla DS (1987) Theory of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor microcrystallites. Phys Rev B 35:8113–8125
Sheik-Bahae M, Hutchings DC, Hagan DJ, Van Stryland EW (1991) Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in solids. IEEE J Quantum Electron 27:1296–1309
Sugawara M, Ebe H, Hatori N, Ishida M, Arakawa Y, Akiyama T (2004) Theory of optical signal amplification and processing by quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers. Phys Rev B 69:235332–235372
Tomihira K, Kim DG, Nakayama M (2007) Photoluminescence dynamics of energy transfer between CdS quantum dots prepared by a colloidal method. J Luminescence 122–123:471–473
Wang XY, Qu LH, Zhang J, Peng XG, Xiao M (2003) Surface-related emission in highly luminescent CdSe quantum dots. Nano Lett 3:1103–1106
Wu WZ, Zheng ZR, Zhang JP, Yan YX, Jin QH, Su WH (2007) Upconversion luminescence of CdTe nanocrystals by use of near-infrared femtosecond laser excitation. Opt Lett 32:1174–1176
Wuister SF, van Driel F, Meijerink A (2003) Luminescence and growth of CdTe quantum dots and clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 5:1253–1258
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Natural Scientific Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10774034 and 10674034) for the partially financial supports.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic supplementary material
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jin, Q., Wu, W., Zheng, Z. et al. The third-order optical nonlinearity and upconversion luminescence of CdTe quantum dots under femtosecond laser excitation. J Nanopart Res 11, 665–670 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9416-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9416-x