Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Securing and Greening Wireless Sensor Networks with Beamforming

  • Published:
Mobile Networks and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Improving energy efficiency is one of the most important aspects in the Wireless Sensor Networks, being one of their main design goals. A key technique used in a wide range of wireless technologies is beamforming, as it provides a way of efficiently transmitting the radio signals towards a given (set of) target direction(s). In this work, the beamforming technique is jointly used with clustering in order to increase the lifetime in WSNs. In particular, scenarios with 2, 4, 5 and 10 nodes that install either ideal isotropic antennas or conventional dipoles are considered. The target direction to configure the beam has been set to ϕ = 0° and ϕ = 45°. Also, it is shown that beamforming can be used to transmit both efficiently and securely the signals by decreasing the power radiated in the direction of an enemy node. Different cases are analyzed with a different number of base stations and a different number of enemy nodes. A genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to optimize the number of clusters and the phase and amplitude of the antennas of the WSN nodes in all scenarios and cases raised. Up to the authors’ knowledge, beamforming techniques have not been previously applied together to reduce the energy consumption in WSN and secure the communications simultaneously.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Gershman AB, Sidiropoulos ND, Shahbazpanahi S, Bengtsson M, Ottersten B (2010) Convex optimization-based beamforming. IEEE Signal Process Mag 27(3):62–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Aggarwal C, Reddy CK (2013) Data clustering: algorithms and applications. Chapman and Hall/CRC

  3. Bäck T, Fogel D, Michalewicz Z (eds) (1997) Handbook of evolutionary computation. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Ochiai H, Mitran P, Poor HV, Tarokh V (2005) Collaborative beamforming for distributed wireless ad hoc sensor networks. IEEE Trans Signal Process 53(11):4110–4124

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Mudumbai R, Barriac G, Madhow U (2007) On the feasibility of distributed beamforming in wireless networks. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun 6(5):1754–1763

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Han Z, Poor HV (2007) Lifetime improvement in wireless sensor networks via collaborative beamforming and cooperative transmission. IET Microwaves, Antennas Propag 1(6):1103–1110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ahmed MFA, Vorobyov SA (2009) Collaborative beamforming for wireless sensor networks with Gaussian distributed sensor nodes. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun 8(2):638–643

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Feng J, Lu Y-H, Jung B, Peroulis D (2009) Energy efficient collaborative beamforming in wireless sensor networks. ISCAS 2009. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2 Taipei 4–27 May 2009

  9. Mudumbai R, Brown Iii DR, Madhow U, Poor HV (2009) Distributed transmit beamforming: challenges and recent progress. IEEE Commun Mag 47(2):102–110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Zarifi K, Ghrayeb A, Affes S (2010) Distributed beamforming for wireless sensor networks with improved graph connectivity and energy efficiency. IEEE Trans Signal Process 58(3):1904–1921

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Zarifi K, Affes S, Ghrayeb A (2010) Collaborative null-steering beamforming for uniformly distributed wireless sensor networks. IEEE Trans Signal Process 58(3):1889–1903

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Du J, Kranakis E, Morales O, Rajsbaum S (2016) Neighbor discovery in a sensor network with directional antennae. Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks 30(3–4):261–286

    Google Scholar 

  13. Béjar Haro B, Zazo S, Palomar DP (2014) Energy efficient collaborative beamforming in wireless sensor networks. IEEE Trans Signal Process 62(2):496–510

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Chen JC, Wen CK, Wong KK (2016) An efficient sensor-node selection algorithm for Sidelobe control in collaborative beamforming. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 65(8):5984–5994

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Xu J, Zhong Z, Ai B (2016) Wireless powered sensor networks: collaborative energy beamforming considering sensing and circuit power consumption. IEEE Wireless Commun Lett 5(4):344–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Porcel-Rodríguez F, Valenzuela-Valdés J, Padilla P, Luna-Valero F, Luque-Baena R, López-Gordo MÁ (2016) Clustering and beamforming for efficient communication in wireless sensor networks. Sensors 16(8):1334. doi:10.3390/s16081334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Blum C, Blesa MJ, Roli A, Sampels M (2008) Hybrid Metaheuristics. An emerging approach to Optimization, Springer

  18. Valenzuela-Valdés JF, Luna F, Luque RM, Padilla P (2014) Saving energy in WSNs with beamforming. 2014 I.E. 3rd International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet), Luxembourg, October 8–10 p 255–260

  19. Agudo JE, Valenzuela-Valdés JF, Luna F, Luque-Baena RM, Padilla P (2016) Analysis of beamforming for improving the energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks with metaheuristics. Progress in Artificial Intelligence, (Article in press) doi:10.1007/s13748-016-0087-z

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work has been partially funded by the Government of Extremadura and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) under the IB13113 project, and by the TIN2016-75097-P project of the Spanish National Program of Research, Development and Innovation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications – CITIC, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain

    J . F. Valenzuela-Valdés & P. Padilla

  2. Department of Languages and Computer Science, University of Malaga, 29071, Malaga, Spain

    F. Luna

  3. Department of Electronics and Computer Technology – CITIC, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain

    J. L. Padilla

  4. Department of Computer and Telematic Systems Engineering, University of Extremadura, 06800, Merida, Spain

    R. Luque-Baena & J. E. Agudo

Authors
  1. J . F. Valenzuela-Valdés
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. F. Luna
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. P. Padilla
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J. L. Padilla
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. R. Luque-Baena
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. J. E. Agudo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J . F. Valenzuela-Valdés.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Valenzuela-Valdés, J...F., Luna, F., Padilla, P. et al. Securing and Greening Wireless Sensor Networks with Beamforming. Mobile Netw Appl 24, 712–720 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-016-0785-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-016-0785-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation