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Adaptation strategies to combat climate change effect on rice and mustard in Eastern India

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Abstract

The negative impact of climate change on crop production is alarming as the demand for food is expected to increase in coming years, at a rate of about 2 percent a year. Wet season rice (Oryza sativa) followed by mustard (Brassica juncea) is one of the prominent cropping sequences in Eastern India. Descreases in their productivity due to climate change will not only hamper the regional food security but also affect the global economy. Considering the fact, the present study aims to assess the impact of climate change on productivity of wet-season rice and mustard and to evaluate the effectiveness of agronomic adjustment as adaptation options. Crop growth simulation model (CGSM) is a very effective tool to predict the growth and yield of a crop. One CGSM, namely InfoCrop (Generic Crop Model), was calibrated and validated for the said crops for West Bengal State, Eastern India. After validation, the model was used to predict the yield under elevated thermal condition (1 and 3 °C rise over normal temperature). Moreover, the future weather situation as predicted by PRECIS (Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies) model was used as weather input of the CGSM and the yield was predicted for ten selected locations of West Bengal for the year 2025 and 2050. It was observed that the average yield reduction of the wet-season rice would be in the tune of about 20.0 % for 2025 and 27.8 % for 2050. The mustard yield of West Bengal may be reduced by 20.0 to 33.9 % for the year 2025 and up to 40 % for 2050. It was concluded that the negative impact of climate change on mustard grown in winter season will be more pronounced compared to wet-season rice. Adjustment of sowing time will be the simplest and effective adaptation option for both rice and mustard. Increased rate of nutrient application can sustain the rice yield under future climate. The older seedling at the time of transplanting of wet-season rice and increased seed rate of mustard were proved less effective.

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Acknowledgments

The financial help from Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) for sponsoring the Network Project on Climate Change is duly acknowledged. We are thankful to Prof. Biswapati Mandal, Pro-Vice Chancellor, BCKV for his help and guidance. The authors are also thankful to Ms. Renaissance for manuscript editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AICRP on Agrometeorology, Directorate of Research, BCKV, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India

    Saon Banerjee & Asis Mukherjee

  2. SRF, Network Project on Climate Change, Directorate of Research, BCKV, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India

    Subharanjan Das, Apurba Mukherjee & B. Saikia

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  1. Saon Banerjee
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  2. Subharanjan Das
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  3. Asis Mukherjee
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  5. B. Saikia
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Correspondence to Saon Banerjee.

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Banerjee, S., Das, S., Mukherjee, A. et al. Adaptation strategies to combat climate change effect on rice and mustard in Eastern India. Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change 21, 249–261 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-014-9595-y

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