Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Preparation of photosensitive sol and patterned tungsten oxide films by using 2,2-dipyridyl as a chemical modifier

  • Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for optical, photonic and optoelectronic applications
  • Published:
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A tungsten oxide gel film was prepared from a methanol solution containing W-chelate, which was synthesized by the chemical reaction between WCl6 and 2,2-dipyridyl. The UV spectra results indicated that the gel film had a UV photosensitive behavior. Using its property, a tungsten oxide gel pattern was fabricated by selective irradiation followed by leaching in organic solvents. Finally, an amorphous WO3 pattern was obtained after the heat treatment at 250 °C in O2 ambient for 120 min. The optical contrast (ΔT) at a wave band of 632.8 nm was about 43%.

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Strangi G, Lucchetta DE, Cazzanelli E, Scaramuzza N, Versacé C (1999) Asymmetric electro-optical response in a liquid crystal cell containing a layer of amorphous tungsten trioxide. Appl Phys Lett 74(4):533–536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Deep M, Kar M, Agnihotry SA (2004) Electrodeposited tungsten oxide films: annealing effects on structure and electrochromic performance. Thin solid films 468:32–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Vasilopoulou M, Aspiotis G, Kostis I, Argitis P, Davazoglou D (2005) Fabrication of WO3-based electrochromic displays using solid or gel-like organic electrolytes. J Phys Conf Ser 10:329–332

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Francioso L, Russo M, Taurino AM, Siciliano P (2006) Micrometric patterning process of sol—gel SnO2, In2O3 and WO3 thin film for gas sensing applications: towards silicon technology integration. Sens Actuators B Chem 119:159–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Zhao GY, Tohge N (1995) Fine patterning of Al2O3 thin films by the photolysis of gel films chemically modified with benzoylacetone. J Ceram Soc Jpn 103:1293–1296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Liang QL, Zhao GY, Lu JG (2007) Synthesis and fine patterning of organic—inorganic composite SiO2—Al2O3 thick films. Appl Surf Sci 253:5442–5446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Wang ZZ, Zhao GY, Zhang XL, Lei Y (2009) Fabrication of Si-based waveguide splitters using photosensitive sol-gel method. Opt Commun 282:1307–1311

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhao GY, Jia JQ, Jiang F, Lei L, Ma JS (2013) Fabrication of YBCO superconducting microarray by sol-gel process using photosensitive metal chelates. Sci China Technol Sci 56:1409–1414

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Jia JQ, Zhao GY, Lei L, Huang QS, Liu L (2015) Fabrication of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-x delay lines by a chemically modified sol-gel method. Ceram Int 41:2134–2139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Brown, TM (1963) Preparation and reactions of some lower tungsten halides and halide complexes, Iowa State University, Ames, IW

  11. Guale A (2010) Tuning fluorescence properties of 2,2’-bipyridine using metal cation. Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa

    Google Scholar 

  12. Pelin E, Ahmet MÖ, Saim Ö (2007) Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemistry of tetracarbonyl(6-ferrocenyl-2,20-bipyridine)tungsten(0). J Organomet Chem 692:1983–1989

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Leftheriotis G, Papaefthimiou S, Yianoulis P, Siokou A (2001) Effect of the tungsten oxidation states in the thermal coloration and bleaching of amorphous WO3 films. Thin Solid Films 384:298–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Manciu FS, Enriquez JL, Durrer WG, Yun Y, Ramana CV, Gullapalli SK (2010) Spectroscopic analysis of tungsten oxide thin films. J Mater Res 25(12):2401–2406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Habib MA, Glueck D (1989) The electrochromic properties of chemically deposited tungsten oxide films. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 18:127–141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Ren Y, Gao YG, Zhao Y (2015) Facile single-step fabrications of electrochromic WO3 micro-patterned films using the novel photosensitive sol—gel method. Ceram Int 41:403–408

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51372198), the Key Laboratory Project of Shaanxi Province (16JS065) and the priming scientific research foundation for the junior teachers in Xi’an University of Technology.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, 710048, China

    Yun Gao & Gaoyang Zhao

  2. Advanced Materials Analysis and Test Center, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, 710048, China

    Yang Ren

Authors
  1. Yun Gao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yang Ren
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Gaoyang Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yang Ren.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gao, Y., Ren, Y. & Zhao, G. Preparation of photosensitive sol and patterned tungsten oxide films by using 2,2-dipyridyl as a chemical modifier. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 82, 569–573 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4340-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4340-0

Keyword

Search

Navigation