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Phylogenetic Systematics of Peccaries (Tayassuidae: Artiodactyla) and a Classification of South American Tayassuids

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Abstract

Tayassuidae is a family of pig-like Artiodactyla restricted to the New World. Despite its rich fossil history, they have received less attention from a taxonomic and phylogenetic perspective when compared to the Old World pigs, Suidae. In this study, we performed a computer assisted phylogenetic analysis using morphological and molecular data including fossil and extant Tayassuidae, using parsimony and Bayesian approaches. We recovered the monophyly of the family Tayassuidae, confirming previous proposals, as well as the monophyly of the subfamilies Hesperhyinae and Tayassuinae, and the genus Platygonus, which we placed in a new taxon of tribe level. The three living peccaries and a number of fossil species belong to a new, tribe level, monophyletic group. The genus Catagonus comes out as paraphyletic, leading us to propose to restrict the generic name to the type species, C. metropolitanus, and a new taxonomic arrangement for the remaining species previously included in it, revalidating the genera Brasiliochoerus and Parachoerus, and describing a new genus, Protherohyus, gen. nov.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank to the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CAPES and FAPEMIG for financial support; and the authorities of palaeontological collections for providing material for analysis. We also want to thank Barbara Rossi (UFMG) for the drawings of skulls and living taxa on the phylogeny.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PPG - Zoologia/Departamento de Zoologia - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Rodrigo Parisi Dutra, Daniel de Melo Casali & Rafaela Velloso Missagia

  2. Departamento de Zoologia - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Rodrigo Parisi Dutra, Daniel de Melo Casali, Rafaela Velloso Missagia, Fernando Araujo Perini & Mario Alberto Cozzuol

  3. CONICET, División Paleontología Vertebrados, Unidades de Investigación Anexo Museo de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, calle 122 y 60, CP 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Germán Mariano Gasparini

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  1. Rodrigo Parisi Dutra
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  2. Daniel de Melo Casali
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  3. Rafaela Velloso Missagia
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  4. Germán Mariano Gasparini
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  5. Fernando Araujo Perini
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  6. Mario Alberto Cozzuol
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Correspondence to Rodrigo Parisi Dutra.

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Parisi Dutra, R., Casali, D.d.M., Missagia, R.V. et al. Phylogenetic Systematics of Peccaries (Tayassuidae: Artiodactyla) and a Classification of South American Tayassuids. J Mammal Evol 24, 345–358 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-016-9347-8

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