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Building Tobacco Cessation Capacity in Homeless Shelters: A Pilot Study

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Abstract

Tobacco use is common among homeless adults, yet few homeless shelters offer tobacco dependence treatment. Using a pre-intervention and post-intervention study design, we pilot tested the feasibility of a capacity building intervention that consisted of a 3.5-h training for shelter staff to provide cessation counseling. Staff (n = 12) and homeless clients (n = 46) completed questionnaires at pre-intervention, post-intervention (6 weeks), and at 12-weeks follow-up. Staff completed a questionnaire on tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes toward and practices around treating tobacco dependence, and self-efficacy in providing cessation counseling (score range 1–5). Clients completed a questionnaire on tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes toward tobacco dependence, and receipt of tobacco-related services from the program (score range 1–5). We used repeated measures linear regression analysis to examine change in scores over time. From pre-intervention to post-intervention, staff knowledge (β coefficient 0.4, 95 % CI 0.1–0.8) and efficacy (β coefficient 0.4, 95 % CI 0.2–0.7) in treating tobacco dependence increased. Client receipt of tobacco-related program services increased significantly from post-intervention to follow-up (β coefficient 0.3, 95 % CI 0.1–0.5). A brief capacity building intervention has the potential to increase tobacco-related interventions among clients in homeless shelters.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the staff and leadership of the 2 transitional shelters for their participation in our study.

Funding

This work was supported by the California Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program grant 22XT-0020.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of General Internal Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, UCSF Box 1364, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA

    Maya Vijayaraghavan

  2. Phillip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Joseph Guydish

  3. Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA

    John P. Pierce

Authors
  1. Maya Vijayaraghavan
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  2. Joseph Guydish
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  3. John P. Pierce
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maya Vijayaraghavan.

Ethics declarations

Preliminary results from this research was presented at the University of California, San Diego, Institute for Public Health, Public Health Research Day on April 9, 2015 and at the Tobacco Related Disease Research Conference on October 27, 2015. This article is not published elsewhere. This manuscript is not under consideration with any other journals, and will not be submitted to any other journals while under your review. The authors are responsible for the reported research. We have participated in the concept and design, analysis and interpretation of data, and drafting and revising of the manuscript. Each of the authors has approved the final manuscript.

Conflict of interest

Authors have no financial conflicts of interest related to the work described in this manuscript.

Research Involving Human Participants

This study was approved by the University of California, San Diego Institutional Review Board.

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Vijayaraghavan, M., Guydish, J. & Pierce, J.P. Building Tobacco Cessation Capacity in Homeless Shelters: A Pilot Study. J Community Health 41, 998–1005 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-016-0182-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-016-0182-x

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