Cross Sections Calculations of (d, t) Nuclear Reactions up to 50 MeV

Abstract

In nuclear fusion reactions two light atomic nuclei fuse together to form a heavier nucleus. Fusion power is the power generated by nuclear fusion processes. In contrast with fission power, the fusion reaction processes does not produce radioactive nuclides. The fusion will not produce CO₂ or SO₂. So the fusion energy will not contribute to environmental problems such as particulate pollution and excessive CO₂ in the atmosphere. Fusion powered electricity generation was initially believed to be readily achievable, as fission power had been. However, the extreme requirements for continuous reactions and plasma containment led to projections being extended by several decades. In 2010, more than 60 years after the first attempts, commercial power production is still believed to be unlikely before 2050. Although there have been significant research and development studies on the inertial and magnetic fusion reactor technology, there is still a long way to go to penetrate commercial fusion reactors to the energy market. In the fusion reactor, tritium self-sufficiency must be maintained for a commercial power plant. Therefore, for self-sustaining (D–T) fusion driver tritium breeding ratio should be greater than 1.05. Working out the systematics of (d, t) nuclear reaction cross sections is of great importance for the definition of the excitation function character for the given reaction taking place on various nuclei at different energies. Since the experimental data of charged particle induced reactions are scarce, self-consistent calculation and analyses using nuclear theoretical models are very important. In this study, (d, t) cross sections for target nuclei ¹⁹F, ⁵⁰Cr, ⁵⁴Fe, ⁵⁸Ni, ⁷⁵As, ⁸⁹Y, ⁹⁰Zr, ¹⁰⁷Ag, ¹²⁷I, ¹⁹⁷Au and ²³⁸U have been investigated up to 50 MeV deuteron energy. The excitation functions for (d, t) reactions have been calculated by pre-equilibrium reaction mechanism. Calculation results have been also compared with the available measurements in literature.