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Short-term variation in copepod community and physical environment in the waters adjacent to the Kuroshio Current

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Abstract

A continuous survey examined short-term variations in the zooplankton community and physical ocean environment from the northeastern Izu Islands to Boso Peninsula in Japan. High copepod abundance and small upwellings in the surface layer and salinity minimum layer in the subsurface were observed on the north side of coastal fronts in the westernmost transect, moving southward as the Kuroshio Current left the Boso Peninsula. Thus, the salinity minimum layer might be a key factor forming upwelling and the fronts, leading to large abundance of coastal copepods off the northeastern Izu Islands. A community structure analysis of calanoid copepods revealed an intermediate belt assemblage between coastal and offshore (Kuroshio) assemblages. Copepod abundance was remarkably low and Ctenocalanus vanus dominated (nearly 37%) in the intermediate belt zone, indicating that C. vanus has a relatively high tolerance to adverse environments for calanoid copepods. As the Kuroshio Current left the Boso Peninsula, the coastal assemblage expanded in the same direction, and the intermediate belt assemblage off the northeastern Izu Islands disappeared. The largest population of Calanus sinicus was found along the two western transects off the northeastern Izu Islands (>1000 m depth), which was assumed to be transported from Sagami Bay and advanced southwestward while growing from copepodite stages CIII to CV. Larvae of C. sinicus would be an important food for fish larvae in addition to Paracalanus parvus s.l., the numerically dominant species in the coastal assemblage, and C. vanus under the adverse conditions for coastal copepods.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the captains and crews of the R/V Soyo-Maru of the Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency and the Shoyo-Maru of the Fisheries Agency of Japan as well as all the cruise participants and collaborators. We would also like to thank K. Segawa for giving appropriate advice about publishing previous data and oceanic conditions, S. Kakehi who built the Excel macro files for the density calculation, and M. Okazaki and M. Masujima for instructing usage of GMT software. We are also grateful to A. Takasuka and N. Koga for properly managing research records and field notes. The study was supported by the stock assessment project commissioned by the Fisheries Agency of Japan.

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  1. Takashi Kidachi

    Present address: , 5-21-38 Mutsuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0031, Japan

  2. Masahumi Nagayama

    Present address: , 5-28-6 Nangai, Higashiyamato, Tokyo, 207-0014, Japan

  3. Tadafumi Ichikawa

    Present address: Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), 3-27-5 Shinhama, Shiogama, 985-0001, Japan

  4. Tsuneo Ono

    Present address: National Research Institute for Far Seas Fisheries, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan

    Sayaka Sogawa, Takashi Kidachi, Tadafumi Ichikawa, Kiyotaka Hidaka, Tsuneo Ono & Yugo Shimizu

  2. Tokai University, Shimizu Campus, 3-20-1, Orido, Shimizu, Shizuoka, 424-8610, Japan

    Masahumi Nagayama

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  1. Sayaka Sogawa
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Sogawa, S., Kidachi, T., Nagayama, M. et al. Short-term variation in copepod community and physical environment in the waters adjacent to the Kuroshio Current. J Oceanogr 73, 603–622 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-017-0420-6

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