Abstract
This article describes the preparation of thin films of conjugated polymers which can enhance their specific electrical conductivity by several orders of magnitude by changing their state from insulating to conducting materials. The examined polymers, i.e., a polyacetylenic and a polythiophenic derivative, are functionalized with thioalkylic side chains and are soluble in common organic solvents from which they lead to thick homogeneous films. The films can be deposited on different substrates, either rigid or flexible, and can be easily exposed to laser radiation to make them conductive. The process is irreversible, and the final conductivity is stable over time, even in the presence of high temperatures (up to 180 °C), moisture, and air. The high stability of treated samples, easy polymer synthesis and quick and inexpensive suitably tailored laser tracing procedure make these materials very promising for applications in organic electronics and in the development of new electronic circuitry.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gunes S, Neugebauer H, Sariciftci NS (2007) Chem Rev 107:1324
Murphy AR, Frèchet JMJ (2007) Chem Rev 107:1066
Li G, Shrotiya V, Huang J, Yao Y, Moriarty T, Emery K, Yang Y (2005) Nat Mater 4:864
Novak BM, Hegen E, Visnanathan A, Magde L (1990) Polym Prepr 31:482
Gorman CB, Biebuyck HA, Whitesides GM (1995) Chem Mater 7:526
Bargon J, Baumann R, Boeker P (1992) Proc SPIE 1672:441
Roth HK, Eidner K, Roth H (1996) Circ World 22:19
Roth HK, Gruber H, Fanghaenel E, Richter AM, Hoerig W (1990) Synth Met 37:151
Srinivasan R, Hall RR, Wilson WD, Loehle WD, Allbee DC (1994) Synth Met 66:301
Decker C (1987) J Polym Sci Polym Lett 25:253
Roth HK, Baumann R, Bargon J, Schroedner M (1991) Progr Colloid Polym Sci 85:157
Richter AM, Richter JJM, Beye N, Fanghaenel E (1987) J Prakt Chem 329:811
Okano Y, Masuda T, Hagashimura T (1982) Polymer J 14:477
Richter AM, Laube U, Moniak F, Fanghaenel E, Hempel G, Goldenberg S, Scheler G (1991) Acta Polym 42:615
Tobjork D, Kaihovirta NJ, Makela T, Pettersson FS, Osterbacka R (2008) Org Electron 9:931
Youn H, Jeon K, Shin S, Yang M (2012) Org Electron 13:1470
Aernouts T, Aleksandrov T, Girotto C, Genol J, Poortmans J (2008) J Appl Phys Lett 92:033306
Hoth CN, Schilinsky P, Choulis SA, Brabec CJ (2008) Nano Lett 8:2806
Jeong JA, Kim HK (2010) Curr Appl Phys 10:e105
Jeong JA, Kim J, Kim HK (2011) Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 95:1974
Schaferling M, Bauerle P (2004) J Mater Chem 14:1132
Su YW, Chelan S, Wei KH (2012) Mater Today 15:554
Krebs FC, Norrman K (2010) Appl Mater Interfaces 2:877
Krebs FC (2009) Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 93:394
Sondergaard RR, Hosel M, Krebs FC (2013) J Polym Sci B 51:16
Hubler A, Trnovec B, Zillger T, Ali M, Wetzold N, Mingeback M, Wagenpfahl A, Deibel C, Dyakonov V (2011) Adv Energy Mater 1:1018
Kopola P, Aernouts T, Sliz R, Guillerez S, Yikunnari M, Cheyns D, Valimaki M, Tuomikoski M, Hast J, Jabbour G, Myllyla R, Maaninen A (2011) Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 95:1344
Hambsch M, Reuter K, Stanel M, Schmidt G, Kempa H, Fugmann U, Hahn U, Hubler AC (2010) Mater Sci Eng B 170:93
Kim A, Lee H, Lee J, Cho SM, Chae H (2011) J Nanosci Nanotechnol 11:546
Hubler AC, Bellmann M, Schmidt GC, Zimmermann S, Gerlach A, Haentjes C (2012) Org Electron 13:2290
Krebs FC, Tromholt T, Jorgensen M (2010) Nanoscale 2:873
Angmo D, Hosel M, Krebs FC (2012) Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 107:329
Sandstrom A, Dam HF, Krebs FC, Edman L (2012) Nat Commun 3:1002
Jensen J, Dam HF, Reynolds JR, Dyer AL, Krebs FC (2012) J Polym Sci B 50:536
Galagan Y, Andriessen R, Rubingh E, Grossiord N, Blom P, Veenstra S, Verhees W, Kroon J (2010) LOPE-C 88 (ISBN 978-3-00-029955-1)
Eom SH, Senthilarasu S, Uthirakumar P, Yoon SC, Lim J, Lee C, Lim HS, Lee J, Lee SH (2009) Org Electron 10:536
Kwon JT, Ean SH, Moon BS, Shin JK, Kim KS, Lee SH, Lee YS (2012) Bull Korean Chem Soc 33:464
Girotto C, Rand BP, Steudel S, Genoe J, Heremans P (2009) Org Electron 10:735
Yu BK, Vak D, Jo J, Na SI, Kim SS, Kim MK, Kim DY (2010) IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron 16:1838
Tedde SF, Kern J, Sterzi T, Furst J, Lugli P, Hayden O (2009) Nano Lett 9:980
Beaujuge PM, Ellinger S, Reynolds JR (2008) Adv Mater 20:2772
Helgesen M, Carlé JE, Andreasen B, Hoesel M, Norrman K, Sondergaard R, Krebs FC (2012) Polym Chem 3:2649
Bargon J, Baumann R (1993) Micro Electronic Engineering 20:55
Baumann R, Kulish U, Schroedner M, Roth HK, Sebastian D, Bargon J (1993) Synth Met 55–56:3643
Bellamy LJ (1975) In: The infra-red spectra of complex molecules. Chapman and Hall, London, p. 395 ff
Nyquist RA (2001) In: Interpreting infrared Raman and NMR spectra. Academic Press, London
Lee JM, Lee SJ, Jung YJ, Kim JH (2008) Curr Appl Phys 8:659
Costa-Bizzarri P, Della-Casa C, Lanzi M, Bertinelli F, Iarossi D, Mucci A, Schenetti L (1999) Synth Met 104:1
Folli U, Iarossi D, Montorsi M, Mucci A, Schenetti L (1995) J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 1:537
Bertinelli F, Costa Bizzarri P, Della Casa C, Lanzi M (2002) Spectrochim Acta A 58:583
Lanzi M, Costa-Bizzarri P, Della-Casa C (1997) Synth Met 89:181
Goldoni F, Iarossi D, Mucci A, Schenetti L, Zambianchi M (1997) J Mater Chem 7:593
Fraleoni-Morgera A, Della-Casa C, Costa-Bizzarri P, Lanzi M, Missiroli A (2005) Macromolecules 38:3170
Costa-Bizzarri P, Andreani F, Della-Casa C, Lanzi M, Salatelli E (1995) Synth Met 75:141
Roncali J (1992) Chem Rev 92:711
Lowe RS, Ewbank PC, Lin J, Zhai L, McCullough RD (2001) Macromolecules 34:4324
Folli U, Goldoni F, Iarossi D, Mucci A, Schenetti L (1996) J Chem Res 69:0552
Cagnoli R, Mucci A, Parenti F, Schenetti L, Borsari M, Lodi A, Ponterini G (2006) Polymer 47:775
Goldoni F, Iarossi D, Mucci A, Schenetti L, Costa-Bizzarri P, Della-Casa C, Lanzi M (1997) Polymer 38:1297
Mucci A, Schenetti L (1995) Macromol Chem Phys 196:2687
Atta Ur-R (ed) (2002) New advances in analytical chemistry, vol. 3. Taylor & Francis, London, pp 1–40
Lanzi M, Costa Bizzarri P, Paganin L, Cesari G (2007) Eur Polym J 43:72
Transistor. Teoria e applicazioni. Philips semiconduttori, Milan, Italy, 1965
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by University of Bologna-Funds for selected research topics 2012 and by Felsilab Srl, Bologna, Italy.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lanzi, M., Di-Nicola, F.P., Livi, M. et al. Synthesis and characterization of conjugated polymers for the obtainment of conductive patterns through laser tracing. J Mater Sci 48, 3877–3893 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7204-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7204-1