Abstract
Thin CrNx coatings are often used as protective coatings for steel. In these applications, coated parts might be subjected to high temperatures that can alter the coatings structural and mechanical properties. In this work, the properties of nanometric CrNx coatings deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering on AISI 304L stainless steel were studied by transmission electron microscopy, glazing incident X-ray diffraction, Atomic Force Microscopy, and nanoindentation. The effect of annealing, both in air and vacuum, on the coating crystal structure, surface morphology and hardness were also investigated. It was found that annealing in vacuum-induced phase transformation from CrN to Cr2N, while after annealing in air only Cr2O3 phase was present. Surface roughness did not increase for annealing in vacuum. CrNx coatings with higher Cr2N phase content showed lower roughness increase for annealing in air. Measured hardness was >10 GPa for as-deposited CrNx samples. An increase in hardness up to >20 GPa was found for vacuum-annealed samples.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Schramm BC, Scheerer H, Hoche H, Broszeit E, Abele E, Berger C (2004) Surf Coat Technol 188–189:623
Polcar T, Parreira NMG, Novák R (2007) Surf Coat Technol 201:5228
Randhawa H (1988) Surf Coat Technol 36:829
Pradhan SK, Nouveau C, Vasin A, Djouadi MA (2005) Surf Coat Technol 200:141
ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels (1994) ASM International, Materials Park, OH, USA, pp 1–12
Feng HP, Hsu CH, Lu JK, Shy YH (2003) Mater Sci Eng A347:123
Aubert A, Gillet R, Gaucher A, Terrat JP (1983) Thin Solid Films 108:165
Wei G, Rar A, Barnard JA (2001) Thin Solid Films 398–399:460
Barata A, Cunha L, Moura C (2001) Thin Solid Films 398–399:501
Lu FH, Chen HY, Hung CH (2003) J Vac Sci Technol A 21(3):671
Chang KL, Chung SC, Lai SH, Shih HC (2004) Appl Surf Sci 236:406
Gleiter H (2000) Acta Mater 48:1
Komiya S, Ono S, Umezu N (1977) Thin Solid Films 45:473
Oliver WC, Pharr GM (1992) J Mater Res 7:1564
ASM handbook: metallography and microstructure (2004) ASM International, Materials Park, OH, USA, pp 684–691
Zhao ZB, Rek ZU, Yalisove SM, Bilello JC (2005) Thin Solid Films 472:96
Mayrhofer PH, Tischler G, Mitterer C (2001) Surf Coat Technol 142–144:78
Chen HY, Lu FH (2003) J Mater Sci Lett 22:817
Herr W, Broszeit E (1997) Surf Coat Technol 97:335
Lu FH, Chen HY (2001) Thin Solid Films 398–399:368
Héau C, Fillit RY, Vaux F, Pascaretti F (1999) Surf Coat Technol 120–121:200
Odén M, Almer J, Håkansson G, Olsson M (2000) Thin Solid Films 377–378:407
Castaldi L, Kurapov D, Reiter A, Shklover V, Schwaller P, Patscheider J (2007) Surf Coat Technol. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.05.070
Mayrhofer PH, Willmann H, Mitterer C (2001) Surf Coat Technol 146:222
Wang DY, Lin JH, Ho WY (1998) Thin Solid Films 332:295
Barshilia BHC, Jain A, Rajam KS (2004) Vacuum 72:241
Chen HY, Lu FH (2006) Thin Solid Films 515:2179
Tuck JR, Korsunsky AM, Bull SJ, Davidson RI (2001) Surf Coat Technol 137:217
Puchi-Cabrera ES (2002) Surf Coat Technol 160:177
Korsunsky AM, McGurk MR, Bull SJ, Page TF (1998) Surf Coat Technol 99:171
Ichimura H, Ando I (2001) Surf Coat Technol 145:88
Tu JN, Duh JG, Tsai SY (2000) Surf Coat Technol 133–134:181
Kostov KG, Ueda M, Lepiensky M, Soares PC Jr, Gomes GF, Silva MM, Reuther H (2004) Surf Coat Technol 186:204
Herr W, Broszeit E (1997) Surf Coat Techn 97:669
Cunha L, Andritschky M, Pischow K, Wang Z (1999) Thin Solid Films 355–356:465
Lee JW, Tien SK, Kuo YC, Chen CM (2006) Surf Coat Technol 200:3330
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Prof. S. Spigarelli and Prof. M. Cabibbo for the useful discussions. This research has been funded by EU-EXCELL Project NoE 5157032 (web site: https://doi.org/www.noe-excell.net).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Paternoster, C., Fabrizi, A., Cecchini, R. et al. Thermal stability of CrNx nanometric coatings deposited on stainless steel. J Mater Sci 43, 3377–3384 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-2392-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-2392-1