Abstract
In this study, Arthrospira platensis proteins were hydrolyzed using sequential digestion with alcalase/papain. Gel filtration chromatography was used to separate hydrolysates and five fractions D1–D5 were obtained. D1 showed the strongest antitumor effects on MCF-7 and HepG-2 cells, with the IC50 values of <31.25 and 49.36 μg mL−1, respectively. Subsequently, three small peptides with antitumor activities, including AGGASLLLLR, LAGHVGVR, and KFLVLCLR, were identified. The truncated peptide LCLR exhibited better activity than its parent peptide KFLVLCLR, with the inhibition rate of >60 % on MCF-7 and HepG-2 cells, but little cytotoxicity on L-O2 cells (∼6 %), at 500 μg mL−1. Moreover, D1 was confirmed to inhibit solid tumor growth in HepG-2-bearing nude mice, with the best inhibition achieved at day 11, up to 39.75 % at the dosage of 200 mg kg−1 day−1. Taken together, the identified peptides possessed potent antitumor activities but low cytotoxicity on normal cells and could be used as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the National High-Tech Research & Development Project (863 Program) (2014AA022004) and Ocean and Fisheries Development Project (A201401C08) from the Administration of Ocean and Fisheries of Guangdong Province.
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Figure S1
Mass spectrometry analysis of fraction D1, (a) MS spectra, (b) MS/MS spectra, and (c) amino acids sequence of m/z = 970.599. (PDF 192 kb)
Figure S2
Mass spectrometry analysis of fraction D4, (a) MS spectra, (b) MS/MS spectra, and (c) amino acids sequence of m/z = 991.561. (PDF 41 kb)
Figure S3
Mass spectrometry analysis of fraction D5, (a) MS spectra, (b) MS/MS spectra, and (c) amino acids sequence of m/z = 808.481. (PDF 148 kb)
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Wang, Z., Zhang, X. Characterization and antitumor activity of protein hydrolysates from Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina platensis) using two-step hydrolysis. J Appl Phycol 28, 3379–3385 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-016-0881-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-016-0881-9