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AFLP fingerprinting and essential oil profiling of cultivated and wild populations of Sardinian Salvia desoleana

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Abstract

Salvia desoleana Atzei et Picci is a herbaceous perennial plant endemic to Sardinia, Italy. Its leaves are a source of essential oil, used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Due to the increasing interest in the essential oils production, cultivated accessions have supplanted many wild populations which had become small, fragmented and isolated with a serious risk of genetic erosion. With the aim of preserving the local genetic diversity, AFLP fingerprinting has been used to facilitate the comprehensive evaluation of both cultivated and wild S. desoleana populations. A set of 165 polymorphic AFLP fragments was generated, revealing a genetic diversity (He) ranging from 0.11 to 0.22 in wild and cultivated populations respectively. Two major clusters were revealed by STRUCTURE analysis, one including wild and the other capturing the cultivated accessions. The divergence between the cultivated and wild materials was also confirmed by the analysis of molecular variance (FST = 0.52). GC/MS analysis performed on the essential oil extracts identified 37 compounds, eight of which (1,8 cineole, terpinolene, α and β thujone, camphor, terpinyl acetate, germacrene D and linalyl acetate) were strongly represented. Three main fractions were identified in the essential oils: monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and diterpenes. All terpenes levels were significantly correlated with the AFLP genetic clusters (P < 0.0001), suggesting close correspondence between genetic groups and chemical profiles. This work aims to describe the integrated investigation of genetic and chemical diversity of S. desolena germoplasm, in order to improve the species yield and to plan a future conservation strategy.

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Acknowledgments

The research was supported by Fondazione Banco di Sardegna (Sassari): “In vitro production of secondary metabolite from medicinal plants” project (Principal Investigator: Grazia Maria Scarpa); RAS—Regione Autonoma della Sardegna “Master and Back” program 2011 (Postdoctoral fellowship “Back”).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Agraria, Sez. Agronomia, Coltivazioni Erbacee e Genetica, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Enrico De Nicola 1, 07100, Sassari, Italy

    Emma Rapposelli, Sara Melito, Giovanni Gabriele Barmina & Grazia Maria Scarpa

  2. Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Muroni 23/a, 07100, Sassari, Italy

    Marzia Foddai

  3. Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, sez. di Sassari, CNR, Traversa La Crucca 3, località Baldinca, Li Punti, 07040, Sassari, Italy

    Emanuela Azara

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  1. Emma Rapposelli
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  2. Sara Melito
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  3. Giovanni Gabriele Barmina
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  4. Marzia Foddai
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  5. Emanuela Azara
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  6. Grazia Maria Scarpa
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Correspondence to Sara Melito.

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Figure S1

Analysis of population genetic structure performed on Cluster A (CA) and Cluster B (CB). CA harbored two sub-groups CAI and CAII; while no further subgroups were discriminated in CB. (TIFF 257 kb)

Table S1

Adapter and primer sequences used for AFLP fingerprinting. (DOC 32 kb)

Table S2

FST Probability value matrix among the Salvia spp populations based on 10,000 permutations. (DOC 36 kb)

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Rapposelli, E., Melito, S., Barmina, G.G. et al. AFLP fingerprinting and essential oil profiling of cultivated and wild populations of Sardinian Salvia desoleana . Genet Resour Crop Evol 62, 959–970 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-015-0263-1

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