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Podocalyxin as a major pluripotent marker and novel keratan sulfate proteoglycan in human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells

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Abstract

Podocalyxin (PC) was first identified as a heavily sialylated transmembrane protein of glomerular podocytes. Recent studies suggest that PC is a remarkable glycoconjugate that acts as a universal glyco-carrier. The glycoforms of PC are responsible for multiple functions in normal tissue, human cancer cells, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). PC is employed as a major pluripotent marker of hESCs and hiPSCs. Among the general antibodies for human PC, TRA-1-60 and TRA-1-81 recognize the keratan sulfate (KS)-related structures. Therefore, It is worthwhile to summarize the outstanding chemical characteristic of PC, including the KS-related structures. Here, we review the glycoforms of PC and discuss the potential of PC as a novel KS proteoglycan in undifferentiated hESCs and hiPSCs.

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Abbreviations

PC:

Podocalyxin

hESCs:

Human embryonic stem cells

hiPSCs:

Human induced pluripotent stem cells

KS:

Keratan sulfate

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  1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan

    Hidenao Toyoda, Yuko Nagai, Aya Kojima & Akiko Kinoshita-Toyoda

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  1. Hidenao Toyoda
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  2. Yuko Nagai
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  4. Akiko Kinoshita-Toyoda
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Toyoda, H., Nagai, Y., Kojima, A. et al. Podocalyxin as a major pluripotent marker and novel keratan sulfate proteoglycan in human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. Glycoconj J 34, 139–145 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-016-9757-0

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