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Nutrient accumulation and availability and crop yields following long-term application of pig slurry in a Brazilian Cerrado soil

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Abstract

Long-term applications of pig slurry may change nutrient status and availability through the soil profile, especially in highly weathered Brazilian soils, which present low pH and nutrient availabilities as well as high Al contents. This study evaluated the effects of long-term applications of pig slurry on soil phosphorus, potassium, copper, manganese, and zinc at different soil depths, as follow: 0–0.10, 0.10–0.20, 0.20–0.40, 0.40–0.60, 0.60–0.90, and 0.90–1.20 m and on soybean and corn yields in a Brazilian Cerrado soil. Pig slurry was applied during 9 years, as follow: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 200 m3 ha−1 year−1 for corn and 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 m3 ha−1 year−1 for soybean. An additional treatment using NPK fertilizer was also included for comparison. Phosphorus and potassium availabilities increased following pig slurry application. However, this increase for phosphorus occurred only in soil surface while potassium was distributed along the soil profile, showing that potassium is prone to be leached. Total and available zinc, copper, and manganese contents increased upon increasing the applied pig slurry rates. However, total contents remain below the maximum regulatory levels suggested for Brazilian soils. Maximum soybean yields were obtained with 88 m3 ha−1 year−1 of pig slurry while corn required a rate of 127 m3 ha−1 year−1 for maximum grain yield. Considering the production system with soybean and corn in the Cerrado soil, we recommend applications of low pig slurry rates combined with the use of mineral fertilizer, which is advantageous for both, agriculture and waste disposal.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES), and the Minas Gerais State Research Foundation (FAPEMIG) for financial support and scholarships. Special acknowledgements to all students and technicians responsible for the maintenance of the FESURV experimental area and for soil and crop sampling.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Institute of Triangulo Mineiro, Campina Verde, MG, 38270-000, Brazil

    Henrique Gualberto Vilela Penha

  2. University of Rio Verde, PO Box 104, Rio Verde, GO, 75901-970, Brazil

    June Faria Scherrer Menezes

  3. Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, PO Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil

    Carlos Alberto Silva, Guilherme Lopes, Camila de Andrade Carvalho & Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme

  4. Mining, Vale Institute of Technology, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil

    Silvio Junio Ramos

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  1. Henrique Gualberto Vilela Penha
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  2. June Faria Scherrer Menezes
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  3. Carlos Alberto Silva
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  7. Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme
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Correspondence to Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme.

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Penha, H.G.V., Menezes, J.F.S., Silva, C.A. et al. Nutrient accumulation and availability and crop yields following long-term application of pig slurry in a Brazilian Cerrado soil. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 101, 259–269 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-015-9677-6

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