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Occurrence and incidence of viruses infecting green beans in south-eastern Spain

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Abstract

A study was conducted to determine the identity and prevalence of viruses in 455 greenhouses in the main Spanish green bean growing area. Directed surveys were conducted in 422 crops from 2000–2004 to collect samples from diseased plants displaying symptoms that could be attributed to viruses. The samples were analysed to detect any virus by means of dsRNA extraction, mechanical inoculation to test plants, as well as ELISA and/or RT-PCR tests to detect potyviruses, geminiviruses and viruses previously known to infect beans in Spain. Random surveys were conducted in the years 2002 and 2005 (in 21 and 12 greenhouses, respectively) to study the actual incidence of known viruses in the area. Symptoms were recorded in 23,108 plants from which 664 plants were collected and analysed by ELISA or RT-PCR. The results of the directed surveys showed that all the analyzed crops carried the cryptic virus Phaseolus vulgaris endornavirus (PVuV), whereas phytopathogenic viruses appeared in smaller percentages of the crops: Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) 20.4%, Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) 9.0%, Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) 4.0%, and the new species Bean yellow disorder virus (BnYDV) that broke out in 2004 with occurrence values higher than 34.3% that year. From 2000–2004 an important decrease in TYLCV was observed, along with a slight increase in SBMV and a consistently low occurrence of TSWV. The results of the random surveys confirmed the increased occurrence of virus detected during the directed surveys, and furthermore demonstrated the percentage of incidence for each virus.

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Acknowledgement

This work was partially supported with project PA 12.01. Pinto and black velvet beans were kindly supplied by José Antonio Maldonado (Seminis). We wish to thank Antonia Belmonte for her excellent technical assistance. We also wish to thank Christopher Hanson for revising the English text.

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This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.

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Author notes

  1. Leonardo Velasco

    Present address: Seminis Vegetable Seeds Ibérica, P.O. Box 175, 04700, El Ejido, Almería, Spain

  2. Leticia Ruiz

    Present address: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV–CSIC), Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain

Authors and Affiliations

  1. IFAPA Centro La Mojonera, Autovía del Mediterráneo km 420, 04745, La Mojonera, Almería, Spain

    Eduardo Segundo, María P. Carmona, Leonardo Velasco, Germán Martín, Leticia Ruiz, Dirk Janssen & Isabel M. Cuadrado

  2. Laboratorio de Producción y Protección Vegetal de Almería, Autovía del Mediterráneo km 420, 04745, La Mojonera, Spain

    Elisa Sáez

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  1. Eduardo Segundo
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Correspondence to Eduardo Segundo.

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Segundo, E., Carmona, M.P., Sáez, E. et al. Occurrence and incidence of viruses infecting green beans in south-eastern Spain. Eur J Plant Pathol 122, 579–591 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-008-9328-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-008-9328-8

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