Abstract
The National Swedish Cord Blood Bank (NS-CBB) is altruistic and publicly funded. Herein we describe the status of the bank and the impact of delayed versus early clamping on cell number and volume. Cord Blood Units (CBUs) were collected at two University Hospitals in Sweden. Collected volume and nucleated cell content (TNC) were investigated in 146 consecutive Cord Blood (CB) collections sampled during the first quarter of 2012 and in 162 consecutive CB collections done in the first quarter of 2013, before and after clamping practices were changed from immediate to late (60 s) clamping. NS-CBB now holds close to 5000 units whereof 30 % are from non-Caucasian or mixed origins. Delayed clamping had no major effect on collection efficiency. The volume collected was slightly reduced (mean difference, 8.1 ml; 95 % CI, 1.3–15.0 ml; p = 0.02), while cell recovery was not (p = 0.1). The proportion of CBUs that met initial total TNC banking criteria was 60 % using a TNC threshold of 12.5 × 108, and 47 % using a threshold of 15 × 108 for the early clamping group and 52 and 37 % in the late clamping group. Following implementation of delayed clamping practices at NS-CBB; close to 40 % of the collections in the late clamping group still met the high TNC banking threshold and were eligible for banking, implicating that that cord blood banking is feasible with delayed clamping practices.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alonso JM 3rd, Regan DM, Johnson CE, Oliver DA, Fegan R, Lasky LC, Wall DA (2001) A simple and reliable procedure for cord blood banking, processing, and freezing: St Louis and Ohio Cord Blood Bank experiences. Cytotherapy 3:429–433. doi:10.1080/146532401317248036
Andersson O, Hellstrom-Westas L, Andersson D, Domellof M (2011) Effect of delayed versus early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal outcomes and iron status at 4 months: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ 343:d7157. doi:10.1136/bmj.d7157
Arrojo IP et al (2012) Trends in cord blood banking. Blood Transfus 10(95–100):2011. doi:10.2450/2011.0032-11
Ballen KK et al (2002) Racial and ethnic composition of volunteer cord blood donors: comparison with volunteer unrelated marrow donors. Transfusion 42:1279–1284
Ballen KK, Gluckman E, Broxmeyer HE (2013) Umbilical cord blood transplantation: the first 25 years and beyond. Blood 122:491–498. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-02-453175
Barker JN et al (2010) Availability of cord blood extends allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant access to racial and ethnic minorities. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 16:1541–1548. doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.08.011
Davey S et al (2004) The London Cord Blood Bank: analysis of banking and transplantation outcome. Br J Haematol 125:358–365. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.04923.x
Eapen M et al (2007) Outcomes of transplantation of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood and bone marrow in children with acute leukaemia: a comparison study. Lancet 369:1947–1954. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60915-5
Guerra-Marquez A et al (2011) Cord blood banking and transplantation at the Mexican Institute of Social Security: the first 5 years. Transfusion 51:328–332. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02875.x
Gutman JA et al (2011) Cord blood collection after cesarean section improves banking efficiency. Transfusion 51:2050–2051. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03249.x
Haimila K, Penttila A, Arvola A, Auvinen MK, Korhonen M (2013) Analysis of the adequate size of a cord blood bank and comparison of HLA haplotype distributions between four populations. Hum Immunol 74:189–195. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2012.10.018
Harris DT et al (1994) Collection, separation and cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood for use in transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 13:135–143
Jaime-Perez JC, Monreal-Robles R, Colunga-Pedraza J, Mancias-Guerra C, Rodriguez-Romo L, Gomez-Almaguer D (2012) Cord blood banking activities at a university hospital in northeast Mexico: an 8-year experience. Transfusion 52:2606–2613. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03638.x
Jefferies LC, Albertus M, Morgan MA, Moolten D (1999) High deferral rate for maternal-neonatal donor pairs for an allogeneic umbilical cord blood bank. Transfusion 39:415–419
Kurtzberg J, Cairo MS, Fraser JK, Baxter-Lowe L, Cohen G, Carter SL, Kernan NA (2005) Results of the cord blood transplantation (COBLT) study unrelated donor banking program. Transfusion 45:842–855. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2005.04428.x
Lauber S, Latta M, Kluter H, Muller-Steinhardt M (2010) The Mannheim cord blood bank: experiences and perspectives for the future. Transfus Med Hemother 37:90–97. doi:10.1159/000289589
Lee YH et al (2013) Analysis of stored and transplanted cord blood units from KoreaCORD: reappraisal of banking guidelines and selection strategy. Transfusion 53:123–127. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03712.x
Liu J et al (2012) Cord Blood Banking and Transplantation in China: A Ten Years Experience of a Single Public Bank Transfus Med Hemother 39:23–27
Naing MW, Gibson DA, Hourd P, Gomez SG, Horton RB, Segal J, Williams DJ (2014) Improving umbilical cord blood processing to increase total nucleated cell count yield and reduce cord input wastage by managing the consequences of input variation. Cytotherapy. doi:10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.09.003
Nakagawa R et al (2004) Analysis of maternal and neonatal factors that influence the nucleated and CD34 + cell yield for cord blood banking. Transfusion 44:262–267
Page KM et al (2014) Optimizing donor selection for public cord blood banking: influence of maternal, infant, and collection characteristics on cord blood unit quality. Transfusion 54:340–352. doi:10.1111/trf.12257
Ponce DM et al (2011) Reduced late mortality risk contributes to similar survival after double-unit cord blood transplantation compared with related and unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 17:1316–1326. doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2011.01.006
Querol S, Rubinstein P, Marsh SG, Goldman J, Madrigal JA (2009) Cord blood banking: ‘providing cord blood banking for a nation’. Br J Haematol 147:227–235. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07818.x
Querol S, Gomez SG, Pagliuca A, Torrabadella M, Madrigal JA (2010) Quality rather than quantity: the cord blood bank dilemma. Bone Marrow Transplant 45:970–978. doi:10.1038/bmt.2010.7
Rubinstein P et al (1994) Unrelated placental blood for bone marrow reconstitution: organization of the placental blood program. Blood Cells 20:587–596 (discussion 596–600)
Samuel GN, Kerridge IH, Vowels M, Trickett A, Chapman J, Dobbins T (2007) Ethnicity, equity and public benefit: a critical evaluation of public umbilical cord blood banking in Australia. Bone Marrow Transplant 40:729–734. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1705812
Statistics Sweden (2015) Utrikes födda i riket efter födelseland ålder och kön 2000-2014. http//:www.scb.se/sv_/Hitta-statistik/Statistikdatabasen/Variabelvaljare/?px_tableid=ssd_extern%3aUtrikesFoddaR&rxid=a485a851-3570-4919-a302-3aeb860fbfe7. Accessed 15 Mar 2015
Van Besien K, Liu H, Jain N, Stock W, Artz A (2013) Umbilical cord blood transplantation supported by third-party donor cells: rationale, results, and applications. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 19:682–691. doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.11.001
World Marrow Donor Association (2011) 20110106-QAWG-INFO-Race Codes. http://login.wmda.info/fileadmin/Committees/QAWG/20110106-QAWG-INFO-Race_Codes.pdf. Accessed 14 Aug 2015
Wu JY et al (2006) Banking and transplantation of umbilical cord blood in Guangzhou. China Cytotherapy 8:488–497. doi:10.1080/14653240600920790
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Childhood Cancer Society and the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Frändberg, S., Waldner, B., Konar, J. et al. High quality cord blood banking is feasible with delayed clamping practices. The eight-year experience and current status of the national Swedish Cord Blood Bank. Cell Tissue Bank 17, 439–448 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-016-9565-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-016-9565-6