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Adsorption with biodegradation for decolorization of reactive black 5 by Funalia trogii 200800 on a fly ash-chitosan medium in a fluidized bed bioreactor-kinetic model and reactor performance

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Abstract

A non-steady-state mathematical model system for the kinetics of adsorption and biodegradation of reactive black 5 (RB5) by Funalia trogii (F. trogii) ATCC 200800 biofilm on fly ash-chitosan bead in the fluidized bed process was derived. The mechanisms in the model system included adsorption by fly ash-chitosan beads, biodegradation by F. trogii cells and mass transport diffusion. Batch kinetic tests were independently performed to determine surface diffusivity of RB5, adsorption parameters for RB5 and biokinetic parameters of F. trogii ATCC 200800. A column test was conducted using a continuous-flow fluidized bed reactor with a recycling pump to approximate a completely-mixed flow reactor for model verification. The experimental results indicated that F. trogii biofilm bioregenerated the fly ash-chitosan beads after attached F. trogii has grown significantly. The removal efficiency of RB5 was about 95 % when RB5 concentration in the effluent was approximately 0.34 mg/L at a steady-state condition. The concentration of suspended F. trogii cells reached up to about 1.74 mg/L while the thickness of attached F. trogii cells was estimated to be 80 μm at a steady-state condition by model prediction. The comparisons of experimental data and model prediction show that the model system for adsorption and biodegradation of RB5 can predict the experimental results well. The approaches of experiments and mathematical modeling in this study can be applied to design a full-scale fluidized bed process to treat reactive dye in textile wastewater.

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Abbreviations

a :

Specific surface area of the bed (1/L)

A s :

Total surface area of fly ash-chitosan beads (L2)

D f :

Diffusion coefficient of RB5 in the F. trogii biofilm (L2/T)

d p :

Diameter of fly ash-chitosan bead (L)

D s :

Effective surface diffusivity of RB5 (L2/T)

D f :

Molecular diffusion coefficient in biofilm (L2/T)

D w :

Molecular diffusion coefficient in water (L2/T)

F :

Volumetric flow rate of feed (L3/T)

f s :

Specific shear-loss coefficient of F. trogii biofilm (1/T)

k :

Monod maximum specific utilization rate of RB5 (Ms/Mx − T)

K a :

Constant related to the free energy of adsorption (L3/Ms)

k d :

Decay coefficient of F. trogii cells (1/T)

k f :

Film transfer coefficient (L/T)

K s :

Monod half-saturation constant of RB5 (Ms/L3)

L :

Length

L f :

F. trogii biofilm thickness (L)

M :

Mass

M s :

Mass of RB5 (M)

M q :

Mass of fly ash-chitosan bead (M)

M x :

Mass of F. trogii cells (M)

N :

Number of data points

N f :

Flux of RB5 from bulk liquid phase into biofilm (Ms/L2 − T)

N q :

Flux of RB5 from biofilm into fly ash-chitosan bead (Ms/L2 − T)

Q :

Concentration of RB5 in the bead pore (Ms/L3)

Q e :

Surface concentration of RB5 at biofilm-bead interface (Ms/Mq)

Q m :

Monolayer adsorption capacity (Ms/Mq)

Q 0 :

Initial concentration of RB5 in the bead pore (Ms/L3)

R :

Radius of fly ash-chitosan bead (L)

R n :

Reynolds number (dimensionless)

r b :

Radial distance in fly ash-chitosan bead (L)

r d :

Detachment rate of F. trogii biofilm (Mx/L3 − T)

r f :

Radial distance in the F. trogii biofilm (L)

r x :

Growth rate of F. trogii cells (Mx/L3 − T)

S :

RB5 concentration (Ms/L3)

S b :

RB5 concentration in the liquid phase (Ms/L3)

S b0 :

RB5 concentration in the feed (Ms/L3)

S exp,j :

RB5 concentration of experimental data (Ms/L3)

S f :

RB5 concentration in the F. trogii biofilm (Ms/L3)

S f0 :

Initial concentration of RB5 in the F. trogii biofilm (Ms/L3)

S sim,j :

RB5 concentration of model simulation (Ms/L3)

S n :

Schmidt number (dimensionless)

S 0 :

Initial concentration of RB5 (Ms/L3)

S q :

Liquid concentration of RB5 at biofilm-bead interface (Ms/L3)

S s :

RB5 concentration at liquid–biofilm interface (Ms/L3)

S w :

RB5 concentration at liquid–bead interface (Ms/L3)

T :

Time

t :

Time (T)

V a :

Molar volume of the solute (L3/mol)

V T :

Effective reactor volume (L3)

V w :

Viscosity of water (Ms/L − T)

X :

Concentration of F. trogii cells (Mx/L3)

X f :

F. trogii biofilm density (Mx/L3)

X 0 :

Initial concentration of F. trogii cells (Ms/L3)

X s :

Suspended F. trogii cells concentration in the bulk liquid (Mx/L3)

X w :

Dry weight of fly ash-chitosan beads (Mq)

Y g :

Growth yield of F. trogii cells (Mx/Ms)

ɛ :

Bed porosity of reactor (dimensionless)

ρ b :

Apparent density of fly ash-chitosan beads (Mq/L3)

μ :

Monod specific growth rate (1/T)

μ m :

Monod maximum specific growth rate (1/T)

ν :

Kinematic viscosity (L2/T)

ν s :

Superficial flow velocity through column (L/T)

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank the National Science Council of Taiwan for partially supporting this research under Contract No. NSC 98-2221-E-166-001-MY2. Ted Knoy is appreciated for his editorial assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 666, Bu-zih Road, Bei-tun District, Taichung, 40601, Taiwan

    Yen-Hui Lin, Wen-Fan Lin, Kai-Ning Jhang & Pei-Yu Lin

  2. Institute of Life Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 666, Bu-zih Road, Bei-tun District, Taichung, 40601, Taiwan

    Mong-Chuan Lee

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  1. Yen-Hui Lin
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Correspondence to Yen-Hui Lin.

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Lin, YH., Lin, WF., Jhang, KN. et al. Adsorption with biodegradation for decolorization of reactive black 5 by Funalia trogii 200800 on a fly ash-chitosan medium in a fluidized bed bioreactor-kinetic model and reactor performance. Biodegradation 24, 137–152 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-012-9565-6

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