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Growth performance and bone mineralization of large Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed graded levels of available phosphorus

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Abstract

The effect of graded levels of dietary available phosphorus (AP) on large Nile tilapia (145.87 ± 9.51 g) performance, feed efficiency, body composition and mineral retention in vertebrae was evaluated. All male fish were distributed into three replicates in fiberglass aquaria (800 L each; 12 fish per tank) for 87 days and hand fed to pelletized diets three times a day until apparent satiation. Diets with approximately 302 g kg−1 of digestible protein and 15.2 kJ g−1 of digestible energy with graded levels of dibasic phosphate yield AP levels of 2.39, 4.17, 6.12 and 8.91 g kg−1. At the end of the trial, feed intake, hepatosomatic index, fillet yield, whole body moisture and crude protein of fish fed 2.39–8.91 g kg−1 of AP diets were not significantly different. The supplementation of 6.12 and 8.91 g kg−1 of AP resulted in significantly increased weight gain, whole body ash and calcium. Whole body crude lipids significantly decreased with increasing AP from 6.12 to 8.91 g kg−1. However, concentration of zinc in the vertebrae was not affected by dietary treatments. The magnesium contents of the fish vertebrae were lower in fish fed lower dietary AP level. No effects of the dietary AP on apparent digestibility coefficients of energy and nutrients were observed. The study indicated that the dietary AP level of at least 6.12 g kg−1 satisfies the needs for growth performance, body composition and bone mineralization of large Nile tilapia.

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Abbreviations

ADC:

Apparent digestibility coefficients

AP:

Available phosphorus

FCR:

Feed conversion ratio

FY:

Fillet yield

HSI:

Hepatosomatic index

P:

Phosphorus

PER:

Protein efficiency ratio

WG:

Weight gain

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Science Post Graduating Program, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    Christiano Rodrigues Schamber & Mariana Michelato

  2. Fisheries Resources and Fisheries Engineering Program, Toledo, Paraná, Brazil

    Wilson Rogério Boscolo

  3. Department of Morphophysiological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    Maria Raquel Marçal Natali

  4. Department of Animal Science, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil

    Valéria Rossetto Barriviera Furuya & Wilson Massamitu Furuya

Authors
  1. Christiano Rodrigues Schamber
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  2. Wilson Rogério Boscolo
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  3. Maria Raquel Marçal Natali
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  4. Mariana Michelato
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  5. Valéria Rossetto Barriviera Furuya
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  6. Wilson Massamitu Furuya
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Correspondence to Wilson Massamitu Furuya.

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Schamber, C.R., Boscolo, W.R., Natali, M.R.M. et al. Growth performance and bone mineralization of large Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed graded levels of available phosphorus. Aquacult Int 22, 1711–1721 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-014-9776-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-014-9776-4

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