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Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus licheniformis on gut microbiota, growth and immune response in giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man, 1879)

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Abstract

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of probiotic bacterium Bacillus licheniformis on the gut microbiota, growth and immune response in Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles (4.0 ± 0.02 g). Five isocaloric experimental diets supplemented with different concentrations of B. licheniformis, viz. Control (without probiotic supplementation), T1 (1.0 × 106 cfu g−1feed), T2 (1.0 × 107 cfu g−1feed), T3 (1.0 × 108 cfu g−1 feed) and T4 (1.0 × 109 cfu g−1 feed) were used for the experiment. After 60 days of feeding trial, the growth performance increases significantly in all the experimental groups compared with control, and highest weight gain, specific growth rate and lowest feed conversion ratio were recorded from T4 (P > 0.05). However, juvenile survival was not found to be significantly affected by probiotic supplementation (P > 0.05). The total bacterial count and Bacillus spp. count in the gut were significantly increased with concurrent decrease in pathogenic Aeromonas spp. and Pseudomonas spp. in all the experimental groups compared with control (P < 0.05). Compared with control, immune parameters were increased significantly in all the experimental groups (P < 0.05). Highest haemocyte count, phenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase and antibacterial activity in haemolymph were recorded from T4 (P < 0.05). When prawns were challenged with Vibrio alginolyticus, the cumulative mortality was significantly lower in T4 (P < 0.05). These results indicate that dietary supplementation of B. licheniformis can manipulate the gut microbiota and increase the growth and immune response of M. rosenbergii. In the present study, concentration response on the probiotic effect of B. licheniformis was observed which showed higher effects at a concentration of 1.0 × 109 cfu g−1 feed in the laboratory condition.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are grateful to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India, for the financial support and to the Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India, for providing all the facilities required for the present study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, India

    N. Ranjit Kumar, Ram Prakash Raman & Kundan Kumar

  2. Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, India

    Sanjay B. Jadhao

  3. Department of Fish Microbiology, College of fisheries, Rajendra Agriculture University, Dholi, Muzaffarpur, 843121, Bihar, India

    Rajive Kumar Brahmchari

  4. Crustacean Fisheries Division, Veraval Regional Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Veraval, India

    Gyanaranjan Dash

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  1. N. Ranjit Kumar
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Ranjit Kumar, N., Raman, R.P., Jadhao, S.B. et al. Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus licheniformis on gut microbiota, growth and immune response in giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man, 1879). Aquacult Int 21, 387–403 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-012-9567-8

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