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Patterns of HIV Treatment Adherence do not Differ Between Male and Female Adolescents in Botswana

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Abstract

We hypothesized that longer and more frequent dosing gaps among boys in Botswana taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection compared to girls could account for previously seen gender-specific differences in outcomes. We monitored 154 male and 134 female adolescents for 2 years with medication event monitoring systems (MEMS). Median adherence was 95.6 % for males and 95.7 % for females (p = 0.40). There were no significant gender differences in the number of ≥7 day (p = 0.55) and ≥14 day (p = 0.48) dosing gaps. The median maximal gap was 7.7 days for males and 8.0 days for females (p = 0.47). These findings are not consistent with clinically meaningful gender differences in adherence.

Resumen

La hipótesis respecto a brechas de dosificación más largas y frecuentes entre niños en Botswana que reciben tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR) para la infección por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) infección comparada con niñas podría considerar las diferencias específicas de género en los resultados vistos anteriormente. Hicimos un seguimiento a 154 hombres y 134 mujeres adolescentes durante 2 años con medication event monitoring systems (MEMS). La adherencia media fue de 95.6 % para los niños/hombres y 95.7 % para las niñas/mujeres (p = 0.40). No hubo diferencias significativas de género en el número de ≥7 días (p = 0.55) y ≥ 14 días (p = 0.48) brechas de dosificación. La diferencia máxima media fue de 7.7 días para los hombres y 8.0 días para las mujeres (p = 0.47). Estos hallazgos no son consistentes con las diferencias de género clínicamente significativas en la adherencia.

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Acknowledgments

The study team would like to thank the staff at the Botswana Baylor Children’s Clinical Centre of Excellence; Dr. Sean Hennessy for support of the lead author; and Ms. Diana Idarraga Rico for Spanish translation of the abstract. The lead author’s research experiences was funded through a Stolley Award from the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the University of Pennsylvania. This work was funded in part by NIH K23 MH095669 and a PEPFAR Public Health Effectiveness Research Grant (EL). The study team also received support through the International Core of the Penn Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI045008) for the conduct of this study.

Funding

This study was supported in part by the Stolley Award from the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics which funded the lead author’s research experience, by NIH K23 MH095669, by a PEPFAR Public Health Effectiveness Research Grant, and through the International Core of the Penn Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI045008).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Pediatrics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Room 1513, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Kimon L.H. Ioannides & Elizabeth D. Lowenthal

  2. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Jennifer Chapman & Elizabeth D. Lowenthal

  3. Botswana-Baylor Children’s Clinical Centre of Excellence, Gaborone, Botswana

    Tafireyi Marukutira, Ontibile Tshume & Gabriel Anabwani

  4. Departments of Medicine (Infectious Diseases) and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Room 1513, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Robert Gross

  5. Department of Emergency Medicine, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Kimon L.H. Ioannides

Authors
  1. Kimon L.H. Ioannides
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  2. Jennifer Chapman
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  3. Tafireyi Marukutira
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  4. Ontibile Tshume
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  5. Gabriel Anabwani
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  6. Robert Gross
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  7. Elizabeth D. Lowenthal
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elizabeth D. Lowenthal.

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All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed were in accordance with the ethical standards of all institutional and national research committees and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

 Informed consent and assent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Ioannides, K.L., Chapman, J., Marukutira, T. et al. Patterns of HIV Treatment Adherence do not Differ Between Male and Female Adolescents in Botswana. AIDS Behav 21, 410–414 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1530-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1530-7

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