Abstract
Aim
The type 2 diabetes (DM2) is a risk factor for periodontal disease, while, on the other hand, periodontitis worsens glycemic control. The treatment of periodontal disease reduces glycemia; however, there is no consensus on which is the best periodontal treatment for diabetic patients. This study aims to evaluate different modalities of periodontal therapy in diabetic patients, i.e., conventional periodontal treatment using scaling and root planning (RAR); and the one-stage full-mouth disinfection (FMD).
Subjects and methods
20 patients with DM2 and periodontal disease were selected and divided into two groups: group 1: RAR; group 2: FMD. The analyses were performed at 0, 3 and 6 months, and included clinical periodontal parameters and the quantification of gingival crevicular fluid. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose (FG) and IL1-β expression were measured.
Results
After 6 months, both groups presented improved FG, clinical periodontal parameters and quantification of gingival crevicular fluid; however, no statistically significant difference was found in the IL-1β expression after 180 days.
Conclusion
When the types of periodontal therapy were compared, it was possible to observe that conventional periodontal treatment is more effective than one-stage full-mouth disinfection as regards glycemic control, periodontal parameters of bleeding on probing, the amount of gingival fluid, and variation in IL-1β expression, although no significant difference was found between the initial and final values in each group.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali RW, Lie T, Skaug N (1992) Early effects of periodontal therapy on the detection frequency of four putative periodontal pathogens in adults. J Periodontol 63(6):540–547
Bascones-Martinez A, Matesanz-Perez P, Escribano-Bermejo M, González-Moles M, Bascones-Ilundain J, Meurman JH (2011) Periodontal disease and diabetes: review of the literature. Med Oral Patol Cir Bucal 16(6):722–729
Chapple ILC, Genco R (2013) Diabetes and periodontal disease: consensus report of the Joint EFP/AAP Workshop on Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases. J Clin Periodontol 40(14):106–112
Darré L, Vergnes N, Gourdy P, Sixou M (2008) Efficacy of periodontal treatment on glycaemic control in diabetic patients: a meta-analysis of interventional studies. Diabetes Metab 34:497–506
Engebretson SP, Hey-Hadavi J, Ehrhardt FS, Hsu D, Cenenti RS, Gibic JT et al (2004) Gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin 1-ß and glycemic control in patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. J Periodontol 75(9):1203–1208
Faria-Almeida R, Navarro A, Bascones A (2006) Clinical and metabolic changes after conventional treatment of type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol 77(4):591–598
Greenstein G (2000) Nonsurgical periodontal therapy in 2000: a literature review. J Am Dent Assoc 131(11):1580–1592
Karjalainen KM, Knuuttila ML, Von Dickhoff KJ (1994) Association of the severity of periodontal disease with organ complications in type 1 diabetic patients. J Periodontol 65:1067–1072
Lagos MLP, Sant’ana ACP, Greghi SLA, Passanezi E (2011) Keratinized gingiva determines a homeostatic behavior of gingival sulcus through transudation of gingival crevice fluid. Int J Dent. doi:10.1155/2011/953135
Moore PA, Weyant RJ, Mongelluzzo MB, Myers DE, Rossie K, Guggenheimer J et al (1999) Type 1 diabetes mellitus and oral health: assessment of periodontal disease. J Periodontol 70(4):409–417
Nassar PO, Poleto R, Salvador CS, Felipetti FA, Nassar CA (2014) One-stage full-mouth disinfection and basic periodontal treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Public Health 22:81–86. doi:10.1007/s10389-013-0596-1
Preshaw PM, Alba AL, Herrera D, Jepsen S, Konstantinidis A, Makrilakis K et al (2012) Periodontitis and diabetes: a two-way relationship. Diabetologia 55(1):21–31
Quirynen M, Bollen CML, Vandekerckhove BNA, Dekeyser C, Papaioannou W, Eyssen H (1995) Full- vs. partial-mouth disinfection in the treatment of periodontal infections: short-term clinical and microbiological observations. J Dent Res 74(8):1459–1467
Shultis WA, Weil EJ, Looker HC, Curtis JM, Shlossman M, Genco RJ et al (2007) Effect of periodontitis on overt nephropathy and end-stage renal disease. Diabetes Care 30(2):306–311
Taylor GW, Burt BA, Becker MP, Genco RJ, Shlossman M, Knowler WC et al (1996) Severe periodontitis and risk for poor glycemic control in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Periodontol 67(10):1085–1093
Thorstensson H, Kuylenstierna J, Hugoson A (1996) Medical status and complications in relation to periodontal disease experience in insulin-dependent diabetics. J Clin Periodontol 23(3):194–202
Toledo FA (2012) Detection of different microorganisms in chronic periodontitis, glycoprotein EMMPRIN (CD-147) and its correlation with the production of MMP-2 and MMP-9 (in Portuguese). PhD Thesis, School of Dentistry, UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
Van Dyke TE, Sheilesh D (2005) Risk factors for periodontitis. J Int Acad Periodontol 7(1):3–7
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by grants from the State University of West Parana - UNIOESTE and CAPES.
Conflicts of interest
All authors declare no conflict of interest in this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Toyama, G., Felipetti, F.A., Bertoldo, K.P. et al. Evaluation of different periodontal treatments modes for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Public Health 22, 529–534 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-014-0648-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-014-0648-1