Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the feasibility for the use of digested slurry from livestock manure (hereafter, slurry) in paddy fields through field experiments conducted in Southern Vietnam. The pouring method for slurry was used, and a vacuum truck was used for transportation and pouring of the slurry. A prototype slurry tanker was manufactured for transportation and application of slurry, because vacuum trucks are rarely available in rural areas of Vietnam. For evaluation of feasibility, costs and labor for application of slurry and rice production were examined and compared with conventional cultivation methods using chemical fertilizers. As the results, rice production with the use of slurry was 485 g m−2, which is within the range of on-site conventional cultivation, so slurry may be a good substitute for chemical fertilizers in rice production. Costs for slurry fertilization with a prototype slurry tanker and a vacuum truck were estimated at 0.13 USD m−2 and 0.10 USD m−2, respectively. These costs were higher than for conventional cultivation of 0.06 USD m−2 under the present conditions with T-N concentrations of approximately 400 mg L−1 in the slurry. However, we clarified that the cost for slurry fertilization can be lower than conventional cultivation when the concentrations of nitrogen in slurry increase from 400 to 2000 mg L−1. These results show that an increase in nitrogen concentrations in slurry make slurry fertilization feasible if the amounts of water for washing livestock sheds that enter into the biogas digesters are reduced.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
General Statistics Office Vietnam (2011) Statistical yearbook of Vietnam 2011. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
Huong LQ, Madsen H, Anh LX, Ngoc PT, Dalsgard A (2014) Hygienic aspects of livestock manure management and biogas systems operated by small-scale pig farms in Vietnam. Sci Total Environ 470–471:53–57. doi:10.1016/j-scitotenv.2013.09.023
Iida M, Ohdoi K, Ryu C, Umeda M (2009) Basal application of methane fermentation digested liquid using a slurry injector. J Jpn Soc Agric Mach 71(2):81–87 (in Japanese)
Inomura K, Yuge K, Anan M, Shinogi Y (2010) Numerical analysis of anaerobically digested slurry with irrigation water in rice paddy. J Fac Agric Kyushu Univ 55(2):357–363. doi:10.1007/s-1033-013-0382-2
Iwashita K, Fukushi K, Sugita H, Yuge K, Tanaka M, Nakano Y (2008) Establishment of rural resource recycling through the effective application of digested slurry from methane fermentation system to paddy and upland fields. Jpn Soc Irrig Drain Rural Eng 4:55–70 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Kamioka H, Kamewada K (2011) Effect of anaerobically digested cattle slurry as basal application on paddy rice Koshihikari. Jpn J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 82:31–40 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Koga Y, Matsuo M, Terao H, Ogawa T, Hoyoshi K, Kagehigashi S, Kurogi Y, Nishiwaki A (2010) Effects of anaerobically digested slurry to the growth and yield of rice. Bull Fac Agric Univ Miyazaki 56:15–27 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Mihara M, Hyakutake C, Ijichi T, Mori N (2011) Fertilizer use of digestive fluids from biogas-plant in rice cultivation. Rep Kyushu Br Crop Sci Jpn 77:15–18 (in Japanese)
Nakamura M, Yuyama Y, Yamaoka M, Oritate F, Fujikawa T (2012) Method for utilization of methane fermented digested slurry as a liquid fertilizer to minimize negative environmental impacts. Jpn Soc Irrig Drain Rural Eng 8:11–30 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Nguyen QC (2005) Dairy cattle development: environmental consequence and pollution control option in Hanoi province, North Vietnam. Research Report No. 2005-RR2006. Published by the Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia (EEPSEA), Singapore
Nguyen KT, Nguyen HH, Doan TH, Tran DM (2013) Biomass potentials in Vietnam; current status and prospects for biofuel development. J Jpn Inst Energy 92:99–105
Oritate F, Yuyama Y, Nakamura M, Yamaoka M, Nguyen PD, Dang VBH, Mochidzuki K, Sakoda A (2015) Regional diagnosis of biomass use in suburban village in Southern Vietnam. J Jpn Inst Energy 94:805–829
Phayom W, Iwashita K, Iwata M, Tanaka M (2012) Study of a slurry irrigation system by methane fermentation digestion for wet rice cultivation. EAEF 5(2):57–64
Thang NT, Phuong BTM, DangVBH, Nguen PD, Le TKP, Phan DT, Yuyama Y, Oritate F, Mochidzuki K, Sakoda A (2011) Evaluation of the material flows of utilization of husbandry wastes to produce biogas in Thai My Village, Cu Chi District, 8th Biomass-Asia Workshop, Hanoi
Thu CTT, Cuong PH, Hang LT, Chao NV, Anh LX, Trach NX, Sommer SG (2012) Manure management practices on biogas and non-biogas pig farmers in developing countries-using livestock farms in Vietnam as an example. J Clean Prod 27:64–71. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.01.006
USDA (2010) Keys to soil taxonomy, 11th edn. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (in English)
Vietnam Livestock Production Department MARD and Netherlands Development Organization SNV, Biogas program for the animal husbandry sector in Vietnam, http://www.biogas.org.vn/english/Home.aspx. Accessed 20 August 2013
Vision Tech Inc. (2011) Report of work for creating the database for agricultural facilities. Vision Tech Inc., Atlanta
Vu TKV, Tran MT, Dang TTS (2007) A survey of manure management on pig farms in Northern Vietnam. Livest Sci 112:288–297. doi:10.106/j.livsci.2007.09.008
Watanabe S, Nakamura K, Ryu CS, Iida M, Kawashima S (2011) Effects of different application methods of methane fermentation digested liquid to paddy plots on soil nitrogen behavior and rice yield. IDRE J 79(4):265–274 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Yamaoka M, Yuyama Y, Nakamura M, Oritate F (2012) Enhancement of a model for planning transportation and application of digested slurry to farmlands -utilization of plural vacuum trucks and intermediate tanks. IDRE J 80(4):53–61 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Yuge K, Maeda H, Tanaka M, Anan M, Shinogi Y (2014) Spatial-uniform application method of methane fermentation digested slurry with irrigation water in the rice paddy field. Paddy Water Environ, 12:335–342. doi:10.1007/s10333-013-0382-2
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by JST-JICA SATREPS “Sustainable Integration of Local Agriculture and Biomass Industries.” The authors are thankful to Dr. Shigeo Ogawa of the National Institute for Rural Engineering, National Agriculture Food Research Organization for providing valuable information about distribution of pig farms in Thai My Village.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Oritate, F., Nakamura, M., Nguyen, D.P. et al. Feasibility for use of digested slurry by the pouring method in paddy fields of Southern Vietnam. Paddy Water Environ 14, 429–438 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-015-0512-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-015-0512-0