Abstract
Several simian adenoviruses (AdVs) have been detected and isolated in various species of non-human primates with the goals of monitoring the health of wildlife and investigating their potential for zoonotic disease transmission. Here, we provide evidence of AdV infection in wild Assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis assamensis) at Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand, based on polymerase chain reaction of non-invasively collected fecal samples. Eight out of 110 fecal samples (7.3%), or five out of 87 monkeys (5.7%), showed evidence of AdV infection. All infected individuals were infants or juveniles. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence of hexon and polymerase genes revealed two different AdV genotypes. One genotype clustered in the human AdV-G group, while another showed 100% identity with previously reported AdVs of captive Chinese rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), which may be tentatively classified as a new species of AdV in non-human primates while awaiting further supporting evidence.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the National Research Council of Thailand and the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation for permission to conduct this study and for all the support granted. We thank A. Koenig and C. Borries (Stony Brook University), who developed the field site at Huai Mai Sot Yai. We thank D. Bootros, N. Bualeng, A. Chunchaen, I. Fürtbauer, M. Heesen, R. Intalo, N. Juntuch, S. Jumrudwong, M. Karlstetter, T. Kilawit, S. MacDonald, W. Nueorngshiyos, D. Pesek, N. Ponganan, S. Rogahn, P. Saaisawasthikul, M. Swagemakers, B. Whitman, and T. Wisate for their excellent help in the field. We also thank N. Bhumpakphan, W. Eiadthong (Kasetsart University), and W. Brockelman (Mahidol University) for their support and cooperation. We would also like to thank the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Thailand. This research was supported by the Max–Planck Society, the National Geographic Society, and the German Initiative of Excellence through funds to the University of Göttingen as well as by the Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology, Science and Technology Postgraduate Education and Research Development Office, Office of Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE). This paper benefited from discussion in the Sociality and Health in Primates research group (DFG FOR 2136) and from the comments of two anonymous reviewers.
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Sukmak, M., Wajjwalku, W., Ostner, J. et al. A first report of non-invasive adenovirus detection in wild Assamese macaques in Thailand. Primates 58, 307–313 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-016-0587-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-016-0587-2