Résumé
Les tumeurs cancéreuses se comportent comme des parasites métaboliques qui puisent dans les réserves de l’hôte pour alimenter leurs biosynthèses, tandis qu’elles sécrètent des déchets (NO, polyamines, ammoniac, lactate…) qui favorisent la croissance tumorale et un microenvironnement acide aidant à l’envahissement et à la prolifération. Dans le métabolisme de la cellule cancéreuse, le citrate joue un rôle majeur, étant à la fois la jauge de l’énergie cellulaire (avec l’ATP), le donneur d’acétyle pour la synthèse des acides gras et/ou l’acétylation des protéines. Par conséquent, son taux cytosolique est abaissé, ce qui a été confirmé dans des biopsies de cancer de la prostate. Les stratégies visant à remonter le taux de citrate dans les cellules cancéreuses pourraient être pertinentes comme nous l’avons montré au laboratoire.
Abstract
Cancer tumors behave as metabolic parasites that draw on reserves of the host to feed their biosynthesis, and they secrete waste products (NO, polyamines, ammoniac, lactate, etc.) that promote tumor growth and an acidic microenvironment favoring invasion and proliferation. In the metabolism of cancer cells, citrate plays a major role, being both the gauge of cellular energy (with ATP), and the acetyl donor for the synthesis of fatty acids and/or acetylation of proteins. Therefore, the rate of citrate should be very low in cancer cells, a hypothesis recently confirmed in prostatic cancer biopsies. Strategies to restore a normal rate of citrate in cancer cells could be promising as we have shown in our laboratory.
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Icard, P., Vallantin, T., Kafara, P. et al. Baisse du citrate dans la cellule tumorale : une jauge à remettre à niveau ?. Oncologie 17, 315–320 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10269-015-2509-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10269-015-2509-4