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MMSA-1 expression pattern in multiple myeloma and its clinical significance

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Abstract

Multiple myeloma-associated antigen-1 (MMSA-1) is a novel multiple myeloma (MM)-associated antigen which has been recently identified. Herein, we have tried to examine its clinical significance by studying the relationship between its expression and selected clinicopathological features. We extracted mononuclear cells from the bone marrow of MM patients and healthy donors and compared the MMSA-1 expression by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. In addition, we also analyzed MMSA-1 expression in patients that were grouped based on selected clinical parameters. Moreover, the impact of MMSA-1 on patients’ survival was also explored. MMSA-1 mRNA and protein were significantly upregulated in MM patients in comparison with healthy donors. Moreover, among the newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory patients, the MMSA-1 expression was higher in relapsed/refractory patients. In addition, MMSA-1 mRNA expression not only showed significantly higher correlation with clinical parameters such as age, Durie and Salmon stage, bone lesion condition, albumin, creatinine and lactate dehydrogenase but also has a close relationship with myeloma bone disease-related cytokines, genetic abnormalities and treatment response. Multivariate COX analysis predicted MMSA-1 and LDH levels to be independently associated with a poor progression-free survival and overall survival in myeloma patients. Our findings provide initial proof of concept that MMSA-1 is a potent gene that is specifically expressed in MM patients and could be a feasible biomarker and independent prognostic factor.

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Acknowledgments

This project was supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81172257) and Science and Technology Project of Xi’an Municipality (HM1117(4)) for the research of vaccine in multiple myeloma.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi’an Jiaotong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi’an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China

    Shan Meng, Chenyang Lu, Wanggang Zhang, Dan Su & Fuling Zhou

  2. Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Wenjun Shen

  3. Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China

    Yongchang Wei

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  1. Shan Meng
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  2. Chenyang Lu
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  3. Wanggang Zhang
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  4. Wenjun Shen
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  5. Yongchang Wei
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Correspondence to Wanggang Zhang or Fuling Zhou.

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Ethical approval and Informed consent

The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the ethics committees of School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University. After ethical approval and informed consent, 94 MM patients (n = 70, newly diagnosed and n = 24, relapsed/refractory) were evaluated.

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Meng, S., Lu, C., Zhang, W. et al. MMSA-1 expression pattern in multiple myeloma and its clinical significance. Clin Exp Med 16, 599–609 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-015-0393-y

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