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Parameterization of wind turbine impacts on hydrodynamics and sediment transport

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Abstract

Monopile foundations of offshore wind turbines modify the hydrodynamics and sediment transport at local and regional scales. The aim of this work is to assess these modifications and to parameterize them in a regional model. In the present study, this is achieved through a regional circulation model, coupled with a sediment transport module, using two approaches. One approach is to explicitly model the monopiles in the mesh as dry cells, and the other is to parameterize them by adding a drag force term to the momentum and turbulence equations. Idealised cases are run using hydrodynamical conditions and sediment grain sizes typical from the area located off Courseulles-sur-Mer (Normandy, France), where an offshore windfarm is under planning, to assess the capacity of the model to reproduce the effect of the monopile on the environment. Then, the model is applied to a real configuration on an area including the future offshore windfarm of Courseulles-sur-Mer. Four monopiles are represented in the model using both approaches, and modifications of the hydrodynamics and sediment transport are assessed over a tidal cycle. In relation to local hydrodynamic effects, it is observed that currents increase at the side of the monopile and decrease in front of and downstream of the monopile. In relation to sediment transport effect, the results show that resuspension and erosion occur around the monopile in locations where the current speed increases due to the monopile presence, and sediments deposit downstream where the bed shear stress is lower. During the tidal cycle, wakes downstream of the monopile reach the following monopile and modify the velocity magnitude and suspended sediment concentration patterns around the second monopile.

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Acknowledgments

This paper is a contribution to the European cross-border program Interreg IVA France (Channel)—England OFELIA (Offshore Foundations EnvironmentaL Impact Assessments), co-funded by the ERDF, which involves the universities of Caen, Le Havre and Plymouth. A. Rivier and G. Pinon are supported by the University of Le Havre, A.C. Bennis by the University of Caen and V. Magar and M. Gross by CICESE. A. Rivier acknowledges the support of a post-doctoral grant from the University of Le Havre. The authors are grateful to Frank Dumas (SHOM) and Romain Le Gendre (IFREMER) for providing help for the model configuration of Courseulles-sur-Mer site.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, CNRS, M2C, 14000, Caen, France

    Aurélie Rivier & Anne-Claire Bennis

  2. Normandie Université, UNIHAVRE, CNRS, LOMC, 76600, Le Havre, France

    Aurélie Rivier & Grégory Pinon

  3. Departamento de Oceanografía Física, CICESE, Ensenada, BC, Mexico

    Vanesa Magar & Markus Gross

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  1. Aurélie Rivier
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  2. Anne-Claire Bennis
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  4. Vanesa Magar
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Correspondence to Aurélie Rivier.

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Rivier, A., Bennis, AC., Pinon, G. et al. Parameterization of wind turbine impacts on hydrodynamics and sediment transport. Ocean Dynamics 66, 1285–1299 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-016-0983-6

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