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Prostate-specific antigen measured 3 months after radical prostatectomy as a new predictor of biochemical recurrence

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Abstract

Background

This study was undertaken to investigate if the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level measured 3 months after radical prostatectomy (RP) is a predictor of biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathologic data of 174 patients with a follow-up of at least 3 years after RP for clinically localized prostate cancer. None of the patients received neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy. Subjects were categorized according to PSA level 3 months after RP (3M-PSA): <0.010 ng/mL (group 1; n = 119) or 0.010–0.100 ng/mL (group 2; n = 55). BCR was defined as two consecutive rises in PSA level ≥0.2 ng/mL.

Results

At a median follow-up of 69.5 months (range 36–113 months), 32 (18.4 %) patients experienced BCR. The median time to BCR was 16 months (range 4–98 months) after RP. The 5-year BCR-free survival rate was 92.6 and 57.4 % in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Patients in group 1 had a significantly higher BCR-free survival rate than those in group 2 (log-rank P < 0.001). According to the Cox proportional hazards model, patients with a 3M-PSA level of <0.010 ng/mL were at lower risk for BCR (P < 0.001), along with pathologic Gleason sum 6 (P = 0.028). PSA nadir level after RP was also a risk factor for BCR (log-rank P < 0.001). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for 3M-PSA to predict BCR was almost equivalent to that for the PSA nadir level (0.855 vs. 0.849).

Conclusions

3M-PSA is an independent predictor of BCR-free survival. Our findings might be used for a risk-adjusted follow-up protocol.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Ikeda Municipal Hospital, 3-1-18 Jonan, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8510, Japan

    Hitoshi Inoue, Kensaku Nishimura & Tsuneo Hara

  2. Department of Urology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan

    Seiji Yamaguchi

  3. Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan

    Norio Nonomura

Authors
  1. Hitoshi Inoue
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  2. Kensaku Nishimura
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  3. Seiji Yamaguchi
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  4. Norio Nonomura
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  5. Tsuneo Hara
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hitoshi Inoue.

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Inoue, H., Nishimura, K., Yamaguchi, S. et al. Prostate-specific antigen measured 3 months after radical prostatectomy as a new predictor of biochemical recurrence. Int J Clin Oncol 20, 171–175 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-014-0681-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-014-0681-7

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