Skip to main content
Log in

Development and investigation of cellular light weight bio-briquette ash bricks

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The present paper deals with the development of cellular light weight bricks using bio-briquette ash. The necessary physical and chemical tests were conducted on a bio-briquette ash sample to investigate its suitability for the development of bricks. Physico-mechanical, durability and thermal conductivity tests were conducted on cellular light weight bio-briquette ash bricks that fulfilled the requirements of Indian standard. The test results of cellular light weight bio-briquette ash bricks were compared with commercially available fly ash bricks. With reference to fly ash bricks, the cellular light weight bio-briquette ash bricks were found 43 % light in weight, having 13 % higher compressive strength and resulted in 66 % lesser thermal conductivity. A small scale model room (1 m × 1 m × 1 m) made up of fly ash bricks was designed. A similar built form for the cellular light weight bio-briquette ash bricks was also modelled. Both the models were analysed for indoor temperature control and cost. When compared with fly ash model room, cellular light weight bio-briquette ash brick model resulted in a 6 % better indoor temperature control and 29 % cost savings. Thus, the developed cellular light weight bio-briquette ash bricks were found suitable as an alternate construction material for non-load bearing walls.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • American Society for Testing and Materials International, ASTM C 1218-92. Standard test method for water-soluble chloride in mortar and concrete

  • American Society for Testing and Materials International, ASTM C67 (2003) Standard test methods for sampling and testing brick and structural clay tile. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • American Society for Testing and Materials International, ASTM C642 (2006) Standard test method for density, absorption, and voids in hardened concrete. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • American Society for Testing and Materials International, ASTM C109 (2012) Standard test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars (using 2-in. or [50 mm] cube specimens). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) (1993) Burnt clay fly ash building brick specification. IS: 13767, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) (2000) Pulverized fuel ash–lime bricks-specification. IS: 12894, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) (2003) Methods of sampling and testing (physical and chemical) for water. IS: 3025 Part 24, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (1970) Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete [CED 2: Cement and Concrete. IS: 383, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (1980) Reaffirmed 2002. Determination of specific gravity. IS: 2720 Part 3, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (1985) Reaffirmed 2006. Methods of test for soils, grain size analysis. IS: 2720 Part 4, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (1987) Handbook on functional requirements of buildings (other than industrial buildings). SP 41, (parts 1–4), New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (1992a) Methods of tests of burnt clay building bricks—determination of compressive strength [third revision]. IS: 3495 Part-I, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (1992b) Methods of tests of burnt clay building bricks—determination of water absorption [third revision]. IS: 3495 Part-II, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (1992c) Methods of tests of burnt clay building bricks—determination of efflorescence [third revision]. IS: 3495 Part-III, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (1992d) Specifications for common burnt clay building bricks [fifth revision]. IS: 1077, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (1999) Specification for concrete admixtures [CED 2: Cement and Concrete]. IS 9103, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (2000) Plain and reinforced concrete-code of practice [fourth revision]. IS: 456, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (2003) Specification for fly ash for use as pozzolana and admixture. IS 3812, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (2005) National building code of India. SP 7, New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (2008) Concrete masonry units. Part 4: preformed foam cellular concrete blocks. CED 53: Cement Matrix Products. IS 2185 (4), New Delhi

  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (2013) 53 Grade ordinary portland cement. IS: 12269, New Delhi

  • Carrasco B, Cruz N, Terrados J, Corpas FA, Pérez L (2014) An evaluation of bottom ash from plant biomass as a replacement for cement in building blocks. Fuel 118:272–280

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • EN 772-13 (2001) Methods of test for masonry units—part 13: determination of net and gross dry density of masonry units

  • EN 772-1 (2011) Methods of test for masonry units—part 1: determination of compressive strength

  • EN 772-16 (2011) Methods of test for masonry units—part 16: determination of dimensions

  • EN 772-18 (2011) Methods of test for masonry units—part 18: determination of freeze–thaw resistance of calcium silicate masonry units

  • EN 772-21 (2011) Methods of test for masonry units—part 21: determination of water absorption of clay and calcium silicate masonry units by cold water absorption

  • Jitchaiyaphum K, Sinsiri T, Jaturapitakkul C, Chindaprasirt P (2013) Cellular lightweight concrete containing high-calcium fly ash and natural zeolite. Int J Miner Metall Mater 20(5):462. doi:10.1007/s12613-013-0752-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kavas T (2006) Use of boron waste as a fluxing agent in production of red mud brick. Build Environ 41:1779–1783

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • KVK, Krishi Vigya Kendra, CICR, Nagpur. http://kvknagpur.org.in/aboutnagpur.html. Assessed 27 Nov 2015

  • Madurwar M, Mandavgane S, Ralegaonkar R (2014) Development and feasibility analysis of bagasse ash bricks. Energy Eng 141:04014022. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marunmale AK, Attar AC (2014) Designing, developing and testing of cellular lightweight concrete brick (CLC) wall built in rat-trap bond. Curr Trends Technol Sci 3(4):331–336

    Google Scholar 

  • Mustapure N, Eramma H (2014) Experimental investigation on cellular lightweight concrete blocks for varying grades of density. Int J Adv Technol Eng Sci 2(8):10

    Google Scholar 

  • Neuwald AD (2004) Supplementary cementitious materials, part I: pozzolanic SCMs, September/October 2004

  • Raut SP, Ralegaonkar RV, Mandavgane SA (2013) Utilization of recycle paper mill residue and rice husk ash in production of light weight bricks. J Arch Civ Mech Eng I 3:269–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raut SP, Mandavgane SA, Ralegaonkar RV (2014) Application of small-scale experimental models for thermal comfort assessment of sustainable building materials. Int J Civ Eng Trans A: Civ Eng 12(4):1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • RlLEM Publications (1988) Measurement of hardened concrete carbonation depth. CPC18: 3, France

  • Shetty MS (2013) Concrete technology—theory and practice. S. Chand Publishing, New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh A, Kumar P (2015) Light weight cement-sand and bagasse ash bricks. Int J Innov Res Sci Technol 1(12):284–287

    Google Scholar 

  • Sood V, Kumar A (2013) Effect of additives on the development of non autoclaved cellular light weight blocks. Int J IT Eng Appl Sci Res 2(5):28–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Torkaman J, Ashori A, Momtazi A (2014) Using wood fiber waste, rice husk ash, and limestone powder waste as cement replacement materials for lightweight concrete blocks. Constr Build Mater 50:432–436

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • TSE 4790 (1986) Turkish standard test method for common bricks and roofing tile clays. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara

    Google Scholar 

  • TSE 705 (1979) (1979) Turkish standard test method for solid bricks and vertically perforated bricks. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara

    Google Scholar 

  • Venkatesan B, Sakthieswaran N (2015) Experimental studies on waste glass powder in manufacturing of fly ash bricks. Int J Innov Res Dev 4(4):332–337

    Google Scholar 

  • Visviva Renewable Energy. www.vvenergy.com/biomass_briquetting.html. Assessed 7 Dec 2014

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the Celicon Building Systems Pvt. Ltd., Nagpur for extending plant facility.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rahul V. Ralegaonkar.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sakhare, V.V., Ralegaonkar, R.V. Development and investigation of cellular light weight bio-briquette ash bricks. Clean Techn Environ Policy 19, 235–242 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-016-1200-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-016-1200-5

Keywords

Navigation