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Performance and emission of diesel engine fuelled by waste cooking oil methyl ester derived from palm olein using hydrodynamic cavitation

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Abstract

The depleting of fossil fuel reserves and increasing environmental concerns have continued to stimulate research into biodiesel as a greener fuel alternative produced from renewable resources. In this study, the performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel blends of 10, 30 and 50 % from waste cooking oil based on hydrodynamic cavitation were compared to diesel fuel, and found to be acceptable according to the EN 14214 and ASTM D 6751 standards. The tests have been performed using an in-line vertical six-cylinder diesel engine at different engine speeds, ranging from 1000 to 2000 rpm under full throttle load. During engine performance tests, biodiesel blends showed higher brake specific fuel consumption (2.1–9.0 %) and exhaust gas temperature (1.0–6.8 %), while lower brake power (1.6–6.7 %), torque (0.6–5.2 %) and brake thermal efficiency (1.9–8.4 %) than diesel fuel. Engine emissions showed higher carbon dioxide (8.7–38.5 %) and nitrogen oxide (4.7–19.0 %) releases, but surprisingly decreased amount of carbon monoxide (3.3–26.3 %) for biodiesel blends compared to diesel fuel. Although higher carbon dioxide amounts were emitted, the use of biodiesel greatly reduced the life cycle circulation of carbon dioxide. Waste cooking methyl ester produced by using hydrodynamic cavitation seems to be relatively easy to scale up to higher production values, is energy efficient, time saving and eco-friendly, which results in biodiesel being a viable fuel for industrial production. The waste cooking oil-based biodiesel can also be used without any engine modifications.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS for the Tuition Fee Assistantship (TFA) Scheme, Public Service Department of Malaysia, Marine Department Malaysia, MyRA for their financial support (Project No. 0153AB-J19), Green Energy – Higher Education Sector Specific Cooperation to Improve Rural Economy in the Field of Energetics and the Hungarian State and the European Union under project TAMOP-4.2.2.A-11/1/KONV-2012-0072 Design and optimisation of the modernisation and efficient operation of energy-supply and the utilisation systems using renewable energy sources and ICTs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomass Processing Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Center of Biofuel and Biochemical Research (CBBR), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia

    Lai Fatt Chuah, Suzana Yusup, Awais Bokhari & Mohd Zamri Abdullah

  2. Centre for Automotive Research & Energy Management, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia

    Abdul Rashid Abd Aziz

  3. Faculty of Information Technology, Centre for Process Integration and Intensification − CPI2, Research Institute of Chemical and Process Engineering − MŰKKI, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary

    Jiří Jaromír Klemeš

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  1. Lai Fatt Chuah
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  2. Abdul Rashid Abd Aziz
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  3. Suzana Yusup
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  4. Awais Bokhari
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  5. Jiří Jaromír Klemeš
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  6. Mohd Zamri Abdullah
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Correspondence to Suzana Yusup.

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Chuah, L.F., Aziz, A.R.A., Yusup, S. et al. Performance and emission of diesel engine fuelled by waste cooking oil methyl ester derived from palm olein using hydrodynamic cavitation. Clean Techn Environ Policy 17, 2229–2241 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-015-0957-2

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