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Prevalence and factors associated with disturbed sleep in outpatients with ankylosing spondylitis

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Abstract

Sleep disturbance is prevalent among patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and is considered a multifactorial issue. The study was designed to investigate sleep disturbance and its associated factors in AS outpatients in Southwest China. Patients were recruited by convenience sampling in this cross-sectional study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), the Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI), the Bath AS Patient Global Score (BAS-G), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to assess sleep quality, disease activity, function status, global well-being, depression, and anxiety. Spearman’s correlation, t test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the associated factors of sleep disturbance. Of the 281 outpatients included in the study, 190 (67.6%) patients had sleep disturbance. The married patients, the patients with extra-spinal manifestation, depression and anxiety, longer duration of diagnostic delay, higher disease activity, worse functional status and global well-being, high level of pain, and fatigue, had poorer sleep quality (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed age (β = 0.087, P = 0.102), BAS-G (β = 0.181, P = 0.003), fatigue (β = 0.170, P = 0.002), anxiety (β = 0.151, P = 0.002) and nocturnal back pain (β = 0.192, P = 0.001), extra-spinal manifestation (β = 0.120, P = 0.012), and duration of diagnostic delay (β = 0.174, P = 0.001) were the contributors to PSQI. Sleep disturbance is common in AS patients in Southwest China. It may be useful to keep regular exercise, strengthen the management of pain, relieve anxiety, and prevent and treat extra-spinal manifestation for improving sleep quality.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to offer a special acknowledgement to all patients who participated in the study and investigators for their valuable help in patient recruitment and data collection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. West China School of Nursing and Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China

    Anliu Nie, Yuqing Song, Xia Xie, Hui Yang & Hong Chen

  2. Operation Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxuexiang, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China

    Chen Wang

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  1. Anliu Nie
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Correspondence to Hong Chen.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Nie, A., Wang, C., Song, Y. et al. Prevalence and factors associated with disturbed sleep in outpatients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Rheumatol 37, 2161–2168 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4190-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4190-3

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