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X-ray study of fast and slow granular flows with transition jump in between

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Abstract

Flows of dry granular materials on a smooth chute are investigated by X-ray radiography. Discontinuities in height, velocity and density, namely jumps, are produced under different incoming steady-flow conditions by varying the mass discharge and the slope angle. This allows to confirm and further reveal the phase-diagram of standing granular jump patterns with diffuse and weakly compressible jumps that move to steep and highly compressible jumps when increasing the slope angle and/or decreasing the mass discharge. A wide range of steady-flow states before and after the jumps are achieved within each of the different experiments over variable input conditions. The flow densities are then measured relatively accurately by the X-ray radiography. This allows to highlight a transition from the supercritical flows before the jump to the subcritical flows after the jump through hysteresis of the depth-averaged effective friction, if incompressible depth-averaged momentum conservation is considered valid for the regions before and after the jump. In addition, the X-ray data of both free-surface and density profiles across the standing granular jumps are successfully used to further validate a recently-established augmented Bélanger equation for the jump height ratio.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Labex Tec21, which is part of the ANR ”Investissements d’avenir” program for funding. S.M. acknowledges support from both the Idex Graduate School of University of Grenoble Alpes (ANR ”Investissements d’avenir” program) and the Region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (ExploRa Doc scholarship scheme). T.F. thanks funding by French ministries ”Ministère de l’Europe et des Affaires Etrangères” and ”Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche et de l’Innovation” through the PHC project GrainFlow (FASIC 2017 program). F.G. and I.E. thanks the Australian Research Council for financial support through grant DP190103487. Finally, the authors would like to thank two anonymous referees for their insightful comments and suggestions on this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universite Grenoble Alpes, INRAE UR ETNA, F-38402, Grenoble, St Martin d’Hères, France

    Ségolène Méjean & Thierry Faug

  2. School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

    Ségolène Méjean, François Guillard & Itai Einav

Authors
  1. Ségolène Méjean
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  2. François Guillard
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Correspondence to Thierry Faug.

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Méjean, S., Guillard, F., Faug, T. et al. X-ray study of fast and slow granular flows with transition jump in between. Granular Matter 24, 26 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10035-021-01194-3

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