Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Zahnfehlanlagen treten bei Patienten mit Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumen(LKG)-Spalten vermehrt und speziell im Bereich der lateralen Schneidezähne auf. Ziel der vorliegenden retrospektiven Studie war es, die Patienten mit LKG-Spalten, die an der Universitätsklinik Innsbruck in Behandlung sind, auf Zahnanomalien zu untersuchen.
Patienten und Methoden
Nach Anwendung der Ausschlusskriterien wurden 78 Patienten in die Studie einbezogen und in 4 Gruppen eingeteilt: unilaterale LKG-Spalten links (ULCLP), unilaterale LKG-Spalten rechts (URCLP), bilaterale LKG-Spalten (BCLP) und reine Gaumenspalten (CP). Alle verfügbaren radiologischen Aufnahmen sowie intraorale Fotos wurden auf Nichtanlagen sowie überzählige und dysmorphe Zähne untersucht.
Ergebnisse
In den Gruppen ULCLP und BCLP war bei 51,9 bzw. 57,9 % der Patienten zumindest ein Zahn im Spaltbereich nicht angelegt, während in der Gruppe URCLP durch die geringe Patientenzahl keine bedeutsame Aussage gemacht werden konnte. Außerhalb des Spaltbereichs war bei durchschnittlich 29,5 % der Patienten zumindest ein Zahn nicht angelegt, wobei v. a. die zweiten Prämolaren betroffen waren.
Abstract
Background
Dental anomalies occur more often in patients with cleft lip and palate than in the general population, especially in the region of the maxillary lateral incisors. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine the frequency of dental anomalies in patients with different cleft types treated at the University Hospital in Innsbruck, Austria.
Patients and methods
After applying the exclusion criteria 78 patients were included in the study and were divided into 4 groups: unilateral left cleft lip and palate (ULCLP), unilateral right cleft lip and palate (URCLP), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and cleft palate (CP). All records, such as panoramic x-rays, digital volume tomography (DVT) or computed tomography (CT) images if available and intraoral photographs were used to identify dental agenesis as well as supernumerary and malformed teeth.
Results
In the ULCLP and BCLP groups 51.9 and 57.9 % of the patients, respectively had at least one missing tooth in the cleft region, whereas no assumptions could be made for the URCLP group because of the small number of patients. Outside the cleft region an average of 29.5 % of the patients had at least one missing tooth, whereby agenesis of the second bicuspid was most common.
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J. Schmid, M. Castegnaro, M. Popovscaia und A.G. Crismani geben an, dass keine Interessenkonflikt besteht.
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Schmid, J., Castegnaro, M., Popovscaia, M. et al. Zahnfehlanlagen bei Patienten mit Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumen-Spalten. Stomatologie 112, 292–296 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00715-015-0073-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00715-015-0073-2