Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

A clinicopathological analysis of primary mucosal malignant melanoma

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Surgery Today Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purposes

Primary mucosal malignant melanoma (PMMM) is a rare and highly lethal neoplasm associated with a poor prognosis. CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is expressed on various tumor cells, including malignant melanoma. Recent data indicate that CXCL12 and CXCR4 play a critical role in the behavior of cancer cells and in the survival of cancer patients. However, there has been no study that has addressed the expression and function of CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling in PMMM.

Methods

Immunohistochemical staining for CXCL12 and Ki67 in biopsy tissues from 10 cases of PMMM was performed. We analyzed the correlations between the clinicopathological features and expression levels of CXCL12 and Ki67.

Results

Six cases showed a high level of CXCL12 expression, while four cases had a low level of expression. High expression of CXCL12 correlated with a poor prognosis, although statistical significance was not reached (p = 0.054). Ki67 was highly expressed in five cases, while the expression in the other five cases was low. There was no correlation between the Ki67 expression and prognosis.

Conclusions

The findings of this study suggest that CXCL12 expression may play an important role in the biological behavior of PMMM and may be associated with a poor prognosis of PMMM patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Sahoo MR, Gowda MS, Kaladagi RM. Primary amelanotic melanoma of the rectum mimicking adenocarcinoma. Am J Case Rep. 2013;14:280–3.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Chalkiadakis G, Wihlm JM, Morand G, et al. Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. Ann Thorac Surg. 1985;39:472–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Sabanathan S, Eng J, Pradhan GN. Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 1989;84:1475–81.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Machado J, Ministro P, Araujo R, et al. Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: a case report. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17:4734–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Iwanuma Y, Tomita N, Amano T, et al. Current status of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: clinical features, pathology, management and prognosis. J Gastroenterol. 2012;47:21–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Li B, Lei W, Shao K, et al. Characteristics and prognosis of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. Melanoma Res. 2007;17:239–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Liu Y, Ji R, Li J, et al. Correlation effect of EGFR and CXCR4 and CCR7 chemokine receptors in predicting breast cancer metastasis and prognosis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2010;29:16.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Saur D, Seidler B, Schneider G, et al. CXCR4 expression increases liver and lung metastasis in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology. 2005;129:1237–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Zlotnik A. Chemokines and cancer. Int J Cancer. 2006;119:2026–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Toyozawa S, Kaminaka C, Furukawa F, et al. Chemokine receptor CXCR4 is a novel marker for the progression of cutaneous malignant melanomas. Acta Histochem Cytochem. 2012;45:293–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Boni R, Doguoglu A, Burg G, et al. MIB-1 immunoreactivity correlates with metastatic dissemination in primary thick cutaneous melanoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;35:416–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Torres S, Bartolome RA, Mendes M, et al. Proteome profiling of cancer-associated fibroblasts identifies novel proinflammatory signatures and prognostic markers for colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19:6006–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Samanna V, Wei H, Ego-Osuala D, Chellaiah MA. Alpha-V-dependent outside-in signaling is required for the regulation of CD44 surface expression, MMP-2 secretion, and cell migration by osteopontin in human melanoma cells. Exp Cell Res. 2006;312:2214–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Yoshinari C, Mizusawa N, Byers HR, Akasaka T. CD44 variant isoform CD44v10 expression of human melanoma cell lines is upregulated by hyaluronate and correlates with migration. Melanoma Res. 1999;9:223–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Dietrich A, Tanczos E, Vanscheidt W, et al. High CD44 surface expression on primary tumours of malignant melanoma correlates with increased metastatic risk and reduced survival. Eur J Cancer. 1997;33:926–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Yin M, Soikkeli J, Jahkola T, et al. TGF-beta signaling, activated stromal fibroblasts, and cysteine cathepsins B and L drive the invasive growth of human melanoma cells. Am J Pathol. 2012;181:2202–16.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kim J, Takeuchi H, Lam ST, et al. Chemokine receptor CXCR4 expression in colorectal cancer patients increases the risk for recurrence and for poor survival. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:2744–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Scala S, Ottaiano A, Ascierto PA, et al. Expression of CXCR4 predicts poor prognosis in patients with malignant melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:1835–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Scala S, Giuliano P, Ascierto PA, et al. Human melanoma metastases express functional CXCR4. Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12:2427–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Jo (1992) Chemokine receptor CXCR4 expression, function, and clinical implications in gastric cancer. Int J Oncol

  21. Li Z, Li N, Wu M, et al. Expression of miR-126 suppresses migration and invasion of colon cancer cells by targeting CXCR4. Mol Cell Biochem. 2013;381:233–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Koshiba T, Hosotani R, Miyamoto Y, et al. Expression of stromal cell-derived factor 1 and CXCR4 ligand receptor system in pancreatic cancer: a possible role for tumor progression. Clin Cancer Res. 2000;6:3530–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Gimotty PA, Van Belle P, Elder DE, et al. Biologic and prognostic significance of dermal Ki67 expression, mitoses, and tumorigenicity in thin invasive cutaneous melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:8048–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Urruticoechea A, Smith IE, Dowsett M. Proliferation marker Ki-67 in early breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:7212–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Pich A, Chiusa L, Navone R. Prognostic relevance of cell proliferation in head and neck tumors. Ann Oncol. 2004;15:1319–29.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Jamieson NB, Carter CR, McKay CJ, Oien KA. Tissue biomarkers for prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;17:3316–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of interest

Daisuke Izumi, Hideo Baba and all other co-authors have no conflicts of interest to declare in association with this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan

    Daisuke Izumi, Takatsugu Ishimoto, Naoya Yoshida, Kenichi Nakamura, Keisuke Kosumi, Ryuma Tokunaga, Hidetaka Sugihara, Hiroshi Sawayama, Ryuichi Karashima, Yu Imamura, Yukiharu Hiyoshi, Shiro Iwagami, Yoshifumi Baba, Yasuo Sakamoto, Yuji Miyamoto & Hideo Baba

  2. Gastroenterological Surgery, The Cancer Institute Hospital of JCFR, Tokyo, Japan

    Satoshi Ida & Masayuki Watanabe

Authors
  1. Daisuke Izumi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Takatsugu Ishimoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Naoya Yoshida
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Kenichi Nakamura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Keisuke Kosumi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ryuma Tokunaga
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Hidetaka Sugihara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Hiroshi Sawayama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Ryuichi Karashima
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Yu Imamura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Satoshi Ida
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Yukiharu Hiyoshi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Shiro Iwagami
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. Yoshifumi Baba
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  15. Yasuo Sakamoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  16. Yuji Miyamoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  17. Masayuki Watanabe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  18. Hideo Baba
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hideo Baba.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Izumi, D., Ishimoto, T., Yoshida, N. et al. A clinicopathological analysis of primary mucosal malignant melanoma. Surg Today 45, 886–891 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-014-1041-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-014-1041-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation