Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Sedimentologic to metamorphic processes recorded in the high-pressure/low-temperature Mesozoic Rosetta Marble of Anatolia

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Earth Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Anatolia’s high-pressure metamorphic belts are characterized in part by a Neotethyan stratigraphic succession that includes a mid-Cretaceous hemi-pelagic marble sequence. This unit contains, towards its stratigraphic top, dm-to-m-long radiating calcitic rods forming rosette-like textures. Here, we refer to these features as “Rosetta Marble”. The remarkable textural similarity of non-metamorphic selenite crystals and radiating calcite rods in the Rosetta Marble strongly suggests that these textures represent pseudomorphs after selenites. Metamorphosed hemi-pelagic limestones, dominated by Rosetta selenite pseudomorphs, are alternating with siliceous meta-sediments containing relictic radiolaria tests. This stratigraphic pattern is indicative of transient phases characterized by evaporites precipitated from basinal brines alternating with non-evaporative hemi-pelagic deposition from normal-marine seawater. The regional distribution of Rosetta Marble exposures over 600 km is indicative of basin-scale evaporitic intervals. High-pressure, low-temperature metamorphism of these rocks is witnessed by Sr-rich (up to 3500 ppm), fibrous calcite pseudomorphs after aragonite and isolated aragonite inclusions in quartz. Peak metamorphic conditions of 1.2 GPa and 300–350 °C are attested by high-Si white mica thermobarometry. The Rosetta Marble case example examines the potential to unravel the complete history from deposition to diagenesis and metamorphism of meta-sedimentary rocks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bąbel M (1987) Giant gypsum intergrowths from the Middle Miocene evaporites of southern Poland. Acta Geol Pol 37:1–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Bąbel M (2005) Event stratigraphy of the Badenian selenite evaporites (Middle Miocene) of the northern Carpathian Foredeep. Acta Geol Pol 55:9–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Bąbel M, Becker A (2006) Cyclonic brine-flow pattern recorded by oriented gypsum crystals in the Badenian evaporite basin of the northern Carpathian Foredeep. J Sediment Res 76:996–1011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bernoulli D, de Graciansky P-C, Monod O (1974) The extension of the Lycian Nappes (SW Turkey) into the Southeastern Aegean Islands. Eclogae Geol Helv 67:39–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Brady JB, Markley MJ, Schumacher JC, Cheney JT, Bianciardi GA (2004) Aragonite pseudomorphs in high-pressure marbles of Syros, Greece. J Struct Geol 26:3–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brocx M, Semeniuk V (2010) The geoheritage significance of crystals. Geol Today 26:216–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Candan O, Çetinkaplan M, Oberhänsli R, Rimmelé G, Akal C (2005) Alpine high-P/low-T metamorphism of the Afyon Zone and implications for the metamorphic evolution of Western Anatolia, Turkey. Lithos 84:102–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Çetinkaplan M, Pourteau A, Candan O, Koralay OE, Oberhänsli R, Okay AI, Kozlu H, Chen F (2014) P–T–t evolution of eclogite/blueschist facies metamorphism in Alanya Massif: time and space relations with HP event in Bitlis Massif, Turkey. Int J Earth Sci This issue

  • Cohen KM, Finney SC, Gibbard PL, Fan JX (2013) The ICS international chronostratigraphic chart. Episodes 36:199–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins AS, Robertson AHF (1998) Processes of late Cretaceous to late Miocene episodic thrust-sheet translation in the Lycian Taurides, SW turkey. J Geol Soc Lond 155:759–772

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corsetti FA, Lorentz NJ, Pruss SB (2004) Formerly-Aragonite Seafloor fans from Neoproterozoic Strata, death valley and Southeastern Idaho, United States: implications for “Cap Carbonate” formation and snowball earth. In: The Extreme Proterozoic Geology, Geochemistry, and Climate

  • Davis PB, Whitney DL (2006) Petrogenesis of lawsonite and epidote eclogite and blueschist, Sivrihisar Massif, Turkey. J Metamorph Geol 24(9):823–849

    Google Scholar 

  • De Cisneros CJ, Caballero E (2013) Paleoclimate reconstruction during MIS5a based on a speleothem from Nerja Cave, Málaga, South Spain. Nat Sci 5:533

    Google Scholar 

  • Dronkert H (1985) Evaporite models and sedimentology of Messinian and recent evaporites. GUA Papers of Geology. Ser. 1

  • Dubacq B, Vidal O, De Andrade V (2010) Dehydration of dioctahedral aluminous phyllosilicates: thermodynamic modelling and implications for thermobarometric estimates. Contrib Mineral Petrol 159:159–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gandin A, Wright DT, Melezhik V (2005) Vanished evaporates and carbonate formation in the Neoarchaean Kogelbeen and Gamohaan formations of the Campbellrand Subgroup, South Africa. J Afr Earth Sci 41:1–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gillet P, Goffé B (1988) On the significance of aragonite occurrences in the Western Alps. Contrib Mineral Petrol 99:70–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Göncüoğlu MC (2011) Geology of the Kütahya–Bolkardağ Belt. Mineral Res Expl Bull 142:223–277

    Google Scholar 

  • Göncüoğlu MC, Özcan A, Turhan N, Işık A (1992) Stratigraphy of Kütahya region, ISGB-92 Field Guide Book. MTA, Ankara, pp 3–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Grotzinger JP, Reed J (1983) Evidence for primary aragonite precipitation, lower Proterozoic (1.9 Ga) Rocknest dolomite, Wopmay orogen, northwest Canada. Geology 11:710–713

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gündoğan İ, Helvacı C, Sözbilir H (2008) Gypsiferous carbonates at Honaz Dağı (Denizli): first documentation of Triassic gypsum in western Turkey and its tectonic significance. J Asian Earth Sci 32:49–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Güngör T, Erdoğan B (2001) Emplacement age and direction of the Lycian nappes in the Söke-Selçuk region, western Turkey. Int J Earth Sci 89:874–882

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutnic M, Monod O, Poisson A, Dumont J-F (1979) Géologie des Taurides occidentales (Turquie). Nouvelle Série, 137. Société Géologiques de France, Paris, 112

  • Hardie LA (2003) Secular variations in Precambrian seawater chemistry and the timing of Precambrian aragonite seas and calcite seas. Geology 31:785–788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Katz A, Sass E, Starinsky A, Holland HD (1972) Strontium behavior in the aragonite-calcite transformation: an experimental study at 40–98 °C. Geochim et Cosmochim Acta 36:481–496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ketin I (1966) Tectonic units of Anatolia. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Bull 66:23–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Krijgsman W, Hilgen FJ, Raffi I, Sierro FJ, Wilson DS (1999) Chronology, causes and progression of the Messinian salinity crisis. Nature 400:652–655

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lanari P, Guillot S, Schwartz S, Vidal O, Tricart P, Riel N, Beyssac O (2012) Diachronous evolution of the alpine continental subduction wedge: evidence from P–T estimates in the Briançonnais Zone houillère (France–Western Alps). J Geodyn 56:39–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Langbein R (1987) The Zechstein sulphates: the state of the art. In: Peryt TM (ed.): The Zechstein facies in Europe. Lecture Notes Earth Science, 10:143–188

  • Massonne HJ, Schreyer W (1987) Phengite geobarometry based on the limiting assemblage with K-feldspar, phlogopite, and quartz. Contrib Mineral Petrol 96:212–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MTA (2002) Geological map of Turkey. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Genel Müdür/Gerneral Director: Ali Kemal Isıker, Ankara/Türkey

  • Mutti M (1994) Association of tepees and palaeokarst in the Landinian Calcare Rosso (Southern Alps, Italy). Sedimentology 41:621–641

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nehrke G, Van Cappellen P (2006) Framboidal vaterite aggregates and their transformation into calcite: a morphological study. J Cryst Growth 287:528–530

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oberhänsli R, Candan O, Bousquet R, Rimmelé G, Okay A, Goff J (2010) Alpine high pressure evolution of the eastern Bitlis complex, SE Turkey. Geol Soc Lond Spec Publ 340:461–483

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oberhänsli R, Bousquet R, Candan O, Okay AI (2012) Dating subduction events in east Anatolia, Turkey. Turk J Earth Sci 21:1–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Oberhänsli R, Koralay E, Candan O, Pourteau A, Bousquet R (2013) Late Cretaceous eclogitic high-pressure relics in the Bitlis Massif. Geodin Acta 26:1–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ogino T, Suzuki T, Sawada K (1987) The formation and transformation mechanism of calcium carbonate in water. Geochim et Cosmochim Acta 51:2757–2767

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okay AI (1986) High-pressure/low-temperature metamorphic rocks of Turkey. Geol Soc Am Mem 164:333–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okay AI (1989) An exotic eclogite/blueschist slice in a barrovian style metamorphic terrain, Alanya Nappes, Southern Turkey. J Petrol 30:107–132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okay AI (2008) Geology of Turkey: a synopsis. Anschnitt 21:19–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Okay AI, Özgül N (1984) HP/LT metamorphism and the structure of the Alanya Massif, Southern Turkey: an allochthonous composite tectonic sheet. Geol Soc Lond Spec Publ 17:429–439

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okay AI, Whitney DL (2010) Blueschists, eclogites, ophiolites and suture zones in northwest Turkey: a review and a field excursion guide. Ofioliti 35:131–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Okay AI, Satir M, Maluski H, Siyako M, Monie P, Metzger R, Akyüz S (1996) Paleo-and Neo-Tethyan events in northwestern Turkey: geologic and geochronologic constraints. World Reg Geol 420–441

  • Ortí Cabo F, Pueyo Mur JJ (1976) Yeso primario y secundario del deosito de Viloví (provincial de Barcelona, España) Instituto de Investigaciones Geológicas, Universidad de Barcelona, XXXI:5–34

  • Ortí Cabo F, Salvany JM (2004) Coastal salina evaporites of the Triassic–Liassic boundary in the Iberian Peninsula: the Alacón borehole. Geol Acta 2:291

    Google Scholar 

  • Ortí Cabo F, Shearman DJ (1977) Estructuras y fábricas deposicionales en las evaporitad del mioceno superior (Messiniense) de San Miguel de Salinas (Alicante, España). Inst Invest Geol Univ Barcelona 32:5–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Özcan A, Göncüoğlu MC, Turhan N, Uysal Ş, Şentürk K, Işik A (1988) Late Paleozoic evolution of the Kütahya-Bolkardağ belt. METU J Pure Appl Sci 21:211–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Özcan A, Turhan N, Göncüöğlu MC (1989) Kütahya-Çifteler-Bayat-İhsanye yöresinin Temel Jeologisi: Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Report no: 8974(8188), 142 s, Ankara (unpublished)

  • Özcan A, Turhan N, Göncüöğlu MC, Şentürk K, Uysal Ş, Işik A (1990) Konya-Kadınhanı-Ilgın Dolayının Temel Jeologisi: Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Report no: 9535, Ankara (unpublished)

  • Parra T, Vidal O, Jolivet L (2002a) Relation between the intensity of deformation and retrogression in blueschist metapelites of Tinos Island (Greece) evidenced by chlorite–mica local equilibria. Lithos 63:41–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parra T, Vidal O, Agard P (2002b) A thermodynamic model for Fe–Mg dioctahedral K white micas using data from phase-equilibrium experiments and natural pelitic assemblages. Contrib Mineral Petrol 143:706–732

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pittenger MA, Marsaglia KM, Bickford ME (1994) Depositional history of the middle Proterozoic Castner Marble and basal Mundy Breccia, Franklin Mountains, West Texas. J Sediment Res 64:282–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Pourteau A, Candan O, Oberhänsli R (2010) High-pressure metasediments in central Turkey: constraints on the Neotethyan closure history. Tectonics 29:5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pourteau A, Sudo M, Candan O, Lanari P, Vidal O, Oberhänsli R (2013) Neotethys closure history of Anatolia: insights from 40Ar–39Ar geochronology and P–T estimation in high-pressure metasedimentary rocks. J Metamorph Geol 31:585–606

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pourteau A, Bousquet R, Vidal O, Plunder A, Duesterhoeft E, Candan O, Oberhänsli R (2014) Multistage growth of Fe–Mg–carpholite and Fe–Mg–chloritoid, from field evidence to thermodynamic modelling. Contrib Mineral Petrol 168:1–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Pruss SB, Corsette FA, Fischer WW (2008) Seafloor-precipitated carbonate fans in the Neoproterozoic Rainstorm Member, Johnnie Formation, Death Valley Region, USA. Sediment Geol 207:34–40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rimmelé G, Jolivet L, Oberhänsli R, Goffé B (2003) Deformation history of the high-pressure Lycian Nappes and implications for tectonic evolution of SW Turkey. Tectonics 22:2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rimmelé G, Parra T, Goffé B, Oberhänsli R, Jolivet L, Candan O (2005) Exhumation paths of high-pressure–low-temperature metamorphic rocks from the Lycian Nappes and the Menderes Massif (SW Turkey): a multi-equilibrium approach. J Petrol 46:641–669

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rimmelé G, Oberhänsli R, Candan O, Goffé B, Jolivet L (2006) The wide distribution of HP-LT rocks in the Lycian Belt (Western Turkey): implications for accretionary wedge geometry. Geol Soc Lond Spec Publ 260:447–466

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rouchy JM, Bernet-Rolande MC, Maurin AF (1994) Descriptive petrography of evaporites: application in the field, subsurface and laboratory. Evaporitic Sequences in Petroleum Exploration. TECHNIP Édition, Paris, pp 70–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Roveri M, Manzi V, Bergamasco A, Falcieri FM, Gennari R, Lugli S, Schreiber BC (2014) Dense shelf water cascading and Messinian Canyons: a new scenario for the Mediterranean salinity crisis. Am J Sci 314:751–784

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheffler F (2013) Origin and occurrence of Anatolia’s Rosetta Marbles. Master thesis, University of Potsdam

  • Scheffler F, Oberhänsli R, Pourteau A, Candan O, Di Lucia M (2014) The Rosetta Marbles from Fesleğen, Ören Unit, SW Anatolia. Int J Earth Sci 103:485–486

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber BC, Tabakh ME (2000) Deposition and early alteration of evaporites. Sedimentology 47:215–238

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seaton NC, Whitney DL, Teyssier C, Toraman E, Heizler MT (2009) Recrystallization of high-pressure marble (Sivrihisar, Turkey). Tectonophysics 479:241–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seaton NC, Teyssier C, Whitney DL, Heizler MT (2014) Quartz and calcite microfabric transitions in a pressure and temperature gradient, Sivrihisar, Turkey. Geodinamica Acta, (ahead-of-print), 1–16

  • Şengör AMC (1990) Plate-tectonics and orogenic research after 25 years—a tethyan perspective. Earth Sci Rev 27:1–201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Şengör AMC, Yılmaz Y (1981) Tethyan evolution of Turkey—a plate tectonic approach. Tectonophysics 75:181–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Şentürk K, Işık A (1988) Late Paleozoic evolution of the Kütahya–Bolkardağ Belt. J Pure Appl Sci (METU) 21:211–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Shearman DJ (1987) Evaporites of coastal sabkhas. The Society of Economic Paleontologists and Meneralogists (SEPM), Marine Evaporites (SC4), Sect 2

  • Swennen R, Viaene W, Jacobs L, Van Orsmael J (1981) Occurrence of calcite pseudomorphs after gypsum in the Lower Carboniferous of the Vesder region (Belgium). Soc Belge Géol Bull 90:231–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Swennen R, Viaene W, Cornelissen C (1990) Petrography and geochemistry of the Belle Roche breccia (lower Visean, Belgium): evidence for brecciation by evaporite dissolution. Sedimentology 37:859–878

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Velde B (1965) Phengite micas; synthesis, stability, and natural occurrence. Am J Sci 263:886–913

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker RN (1977) Evidence of major sulphate evaporite deposits in the Proterozoic McArthur Group, Northern Territory, Australia. Nature 265:526–529

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warren JK (1997) Evaporites, brines and base metals: fluids, flow and ‘the evaporite that was’. Aust J Earth Sci 44:149–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warren J (1999) Evaporites: their evolution and economics, vol 438. Blackwell Science, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitney DL, Evans BW (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. Am Mineral 95:185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whitney DL, Teyssier C, Toraman E, Seaton NCA, Fayon AK (2014) Metamorphic and tectonic evolution of a structurally continuous blueschist-to-Barrovian terrane, Sivrihisar Massif, Turkey. J Metamorph Geol 29:193–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Woods AD, Bottjer DJ, Mutti M, Morrison J (1999) Lower Triassic large sea-floor carbonate cements: their origin and a mechanism for the prolonged biotic recovery from the end-Permian mass extinction. Geology 27:645–648

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yilmaz Y (1993) New evidence and model on the evolution of the southeast Anatolian orogen. Geol Soc Am Bull 105:251–271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zanchetta G, Isola I, Piccini L, Dini A (2011) The Corchia cave (Alpi Apuane): a 2 Ma long temporal window on the Earth climate. Geological Field Trips

  • Ziegenbalg SB, Brunner B, Rouchy JM, Birgel D, Pierre C, Böttcher ME, Caruso A, Immenhauser A, Peckmann J (2010) Formation of secondary carbonates and native sulphur in sulphate-rich Messinian strata, Sicily. Sediment Geol 227:37–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the two reviewers Mete Çetinkaplan and Donna Whitney for all comments that helped to improve this manuscript. Furthermore, we thank the anonymous reviewer for his/her stimulating comments that helped to make the discussion more clear. All staff members of Potsdam University, RUB and GFZ are thanked for everyday’s engagement, laboratory assistance and fruitful discussions: Christine Fischer, Christina Günter, Martin Ziemann, Antje Musiol, Anja Städtke, Rolf Neuser, Dieter Rhede. Philipp Balling was a helpful assistant in ArcGIS. This project is funded by the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaf; Project Number: OB 80/51-1).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany

    F. Scheffler, R. Oberhänsli & A. Pourteau

  2. Institute of Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany

    A. Immenhauser

  3. Department of Geological Engineering, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, 35160, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey

    O. Candan

Authors
  1. F. Scheffler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Oberhänsli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. Pourteau
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Immenhauser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. O. Candan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to F. Scheffler.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Scheffler, F., Oberhänsli, R., Pourteau, A. et al. Sedimentologic to metamorphic processes recorded in the high-pressure/low-temperature Mesozoic Rosetta Marble of Anatolia. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 105, 225–246 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-015-1214-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-015-1214-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation