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Molecular evidence of natural occurrence of Apple stem grooving virus on bamboos

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Abstract

Key message

The present study identified natural infection of Apple stem grooving virus in five bamboo species.

Abstract

“Himalayan ‘maggar’ bamboo, widely distributed in the Western Himalayas, is abundantly found in and around the campus of CSIR-IHBT. Some of the plants near the apple germplasm and nursery field at this institute displayed virus-like symptoms such as chlorosis, mosaic, yellow streaks, leaf curling and necrotic spots. To understand whether this natural population carries Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), an important and abundant virus in apple orchards, a total of 38 bamboo leaf samples (belonging to 10 different genera and 33 species), were collected and indexed for ASGV through DAS-ELISA, non-isotopic nucleic acid spot hybridization and RT-PCR. The presence of the virus was confirmed in 76 % of the samples belonging to 27 species and nine genera viz. Bambusa, Dendrocalamus, Fargesia, Arundinaria, Phyllostachys, Gigantochloa, Sasa, Guadua and variegated ornamental bamboo. Seven randomly selected samples were confirmed by partial sequencing of the replicase gene, characterized from the seven isolates of bamboo samples [Bam7(dd), Bam14(pp), Bam28(bn), Bam29(fs), Bam39(dh), Bam42(dh) and Bam44(dh)]. Further, coat protein gene was also characterized from all seven samples and in the phylogenetic analysis, five out of the seven isolates clustered with the apple isolate of the virus from India (LN627003) sharing 98–100 % sequence identity at amino acid (aa) level. While the other two isolates also clustered with apple isolates from India, (LN627002, LN627004 and LN901438, from apple germplasm field of CSIR-IHBT), sharing 98.7–100 % sequence identity at aa level. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of natural infection of ASGV on bamboos. After Bamboo mosaic virus and Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus, ASGV happens to be only the third virus to be characterized from bamboo.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the Director, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur, HP (India), for providing necessary research facilities. Department of Biotechnology (DBT), (Grant No. BT/PR/11001PBD/16/803/2008), India is duly acknowledged for financial support. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) New Delhi is also acknowledged. This is CSIR-IHBT publication number 3699.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India

    Pooja Bhardwaj, Prachi Awasthi, A. A. Zaidi & V. Hallan

  2. Plant Virus Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Pooja Bhardwaj, Prachi Awasthi & V. Hallan

  3. Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Om Prakash & Anil Sood

Authors
  1. Pooja Bhardwaj
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  2. Prachi Awasthi
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  3. Om Prakash
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  4. Anil Sood
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  5. A. A. Zaidi
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  6. V. Hallan
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Correspondence to V. Hallan.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Communicated by W. Osswald.

A. A. Zaidi: Deceased.

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468_2016_1375_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Supplementary Fig. 1 Nucleic acid spot hybridization results of various bamboo species. The samples 1–38 are labeled as per serial numbers in Table 1. (-ve) negative control (healthy plant) and (+ve) positive control (cloned ASGV CP plasmid DNA). (TIFF 76 kb)

468_2016_1375_MOESM2_ESM.docx

Supplementary Table 1 Recombination results showing potential recombination events detected in the complete CP sequences of ASGV used in the study. (DOCX 17 kb)

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Bhardwaj, P., Awasthi, P., Prakash, O. et al. Molecular evidence of natural occurrence of Apple stem grooving virus on bamboos. Trees 31, 367–375 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-016-1375-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-016-1375-8

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