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Submarine eruption-fed and resedimented pumice-rich facies: the Dogashima Formation (Izu Peninsula, Japan)

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Abstract

In the Izu Peninsula (Japan), the Pliocene pumice-rich Dogashima Formation (4.55 ± 0.87 Ma) displays exceptional preservation of volcaniclastic facies that were erupted and deposited in a below wave-base marine setting. It includes high-concentration density current deposits that contain clasts that were emplaced hot, indicating an eruption-fed origin. The lower part of the Dogashima 2 unit consists of a very thick sequence (<12 m) of massive grey andesite breccia restricted to the base of a submarine channel, gradationally overlain by pumice breccia, which is widespread but much thinner and finer in the overbank setting. These two breccias share similar mineralogy and crystal composition and are considered to be co-magmatic and derived from the destruction of a submarine dome by an explosive, pumice-forming eruption. The two breccias were deposited from a single, explosive eruption-fed, sustained, sea floor-hugging, water-supported, high-concentration density current in which the clasts were sorted according to their density. At the rim of the channel, localised good hydraulic sorting of clasts and stratification in the pumice breccia are interpreted to reflect local current expansion and unsteadiness rather than to be the result of hydraulic sorting of clasts during fall from a submarine eruption column and/or umbrella plume. A bimodal coarse (>1 m) pumice- and ash-rich bed overlying the breccias may be derived from delayed settling of pyroclasts from suspension. In Dogashima 1 and 2, thick cross- and planar-bedded facies composed of sub-rounded pumice clasts are intercalated with eruption-fed facies, implying inter-eruptive mass-wasting on the flank of a submarine volcano, and reworking and resedimentation by high-energy tractional currents in a below wave-base environment.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Australian Research Council and is part of the PhD thesis of M.J. We thank R. Fiske, M. Ort, J.D.L. White and S.M. Gordee for helpful discussions on this paper. V. Manville, K. Kano, R.A.F. Cas and R. Fiske thoroughly reviewed an earlier manuscript. K.-I. Kano is thanked for his help with the fieldwork in Japan; J.M. and M.J. are grateful to the Shimoda Marine Research Center (Japan) for accommodation. S. Meffre, K. Goemann and P. Robinson conducted part of the chemical and geochronological analyses.

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    Present address: National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Waterfront Campus, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK

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  1. CODES—ARC Centre of Excellence in Ore Deposits, University of Tasmania, PO Box 79, Hobart, 7005, Australia

    Martin Jutzeler, Jocelyn McPhie & Sharon R. Allen

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Major and trace element compositions analysed by XRF for various clasts of the Dogashima and Matsuzaki formations. Concentrations recalculated to 100 wt.% anhydrous. (XLSX 13 kb)

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Composition of major elements in plagioclase phenocrysts and microlites in white pumice and grey andesite clasts in Dogashima 2; analysed on a Cameca 100X electron microprobe. (XLSX 93 kb)

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U/Pb analyses on zircons by LA-ICP-MS; data and Concordia. (XLSX 136 kb)

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Jutzeler, M., McPhie, J. & Allen, S.R. Submarine eruption-fed and resedimented pumice-rich facies: the Dogashima Formation (Izu Peninsula, Japan). Bull Volcanol 76, 867 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-014-0867-x

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