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Idiosyncratic responses of Amazonian birds to primary forest disturbance

  • Conservation ecology - Original research
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Abstract

As humans continue to alter tropical landscapes across the world, it is important to understand what environmental factors help determine the persistence of biodiversity in modified ecosystems. Studies on well-known taxonomic groups can offer critical insights as to the fate of biodiversity in these modified systems. Here we investigated species-specific responses of 44 forest-associated bird species with different behavioural traits to forest disturbance in 171 transects distributed across 31 landscapes in two regions of the eastern Brazilian Amazon. We investigated patterns of species occurrence in primary forests varyingly disturbed by selective-logging and fire and examined the relative importance of local, landscape and historical environmental variables in determining species occurrences. Within undisturbed and disturbed primary forest transects, we found that distance to forest edge and the biomass of large trees were the most important predictors driving the occurrence of individual species. However, we also found considerable variation in species responses to different environmental variables as well as inter-regional variation in the responses of the same species to the same environmental variables. We advocate the utility of using species-level analyses to complement community-wide responses in order to uncover highly variable and species-specific responses to environmental change that remain so poorly understood.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia—Biodiversidade e Uso da Terra na Amazônia (CNPq 574008/2008-0), the National Environment Research Council (NE/G000816/1), the Darwin Initiative (17-023), the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—CAPES, Lancaster University, Embrapa Amazonia Oriental (SEG 02.08.06.005.00), and the Nature Conservancy for funding, as well as the Nature Conservancy for access to detailed land cover maps of the municipality. We also thank the farmers’ and workers’ unions of Santarém, Belterra and Paragominas and all collaborating private landowners for their support. We thank the Large-scale Biosphere–Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia for logistic support. We are indebted to support from our field team including C. B. Andretti, W. Ávila, A. S. Costa, F. C. S. Cunha, B. J. Davis, R. M. Freitas, M. Cordeiro, V. C. Nascimento, E. P. Oliveira, G. J. Oliveira, J. M. Oliveira, the late M. A. Nascimento, N. Rosa, A. S. Silva, J. C. Silva and the late E. D. Silva. We also thank I. C. G. Vieira for logistical support and R. C. Solar for the map. J. B. and E. B. were supported by a Natural Environment Research Council grant (NE/K016431/1), J. B. by CNPq 400640/2012-0, T. A. G. by Formas 2013-1571, N. G. M. and A. C. L. thank CNPq for scholarships. A. A. thanks CNPq for a research productivity fellowship. This paper is no. 44 in the Rede Amazônia Sustentável publication series.

Author contribution statement

T. A. G., J. F., J. B., A. C. L. and E. B. conceived and designed the experiments. A. C. L., N. G. M., T. A. G., E. B. and J. R. T. collected and analysed the data. N. G. M. wrote the manuscript, and all authors revised the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Curso de Pós-Graduação de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Caixa Postal 399, Belém, Pará, CEP 66040-170, Brazil

    Nárgila G. Moura

  2. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA

    Nárgila G. Moura & Alexander C. Lees

  3. Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Caixa Postal 399, Belém, Pará, CEP 66040-170, Brazil

    Alexander C. Lees, Alexandre Aleixo & Jos Barlow

  4. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK

    Jos Barlow & Erika Berenguer

  5. Universidade Federal de Lavras, Setor de Ecologia e Conservação, Lavras, Minas Gerais, CEP 37200-000, Brazil

    Jos Barlow

  6. Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/n, CP 48, Belém, Pará, CEP 66095-100, Brazil

    Joice Ferreira

  7. Institute for Applied Ecology, The University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia

    Ralph Mac Nally & James R. Thomson

  8. Stockholm Environment Institute, 87D Linegatan, Stockholm, Sweden

    Toby A. Gardner

  9. International Institute for Sustainability, Rio De Janeiro, CEP 22460-320, Brazil

    Toby A. Gardner

Authors
  1. Nárgila G. Moura
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  2. Alexander C. Lees
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  3. Alexandre Aleixo
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  4. Jos Barlow
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  5. Erika Berenguer
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  6. Joice Ferreira
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  7. Ralph Mac Nally
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  8. James R. Thomson
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  9. Toby A. Gardner
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nárgila G. Moura.

Additional information

Communicated by Christopher N. Johnson.

Electronic supplementary material

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Moura, N.G., Lees, A.C., Aleixo, A. et al. Idiosyncratic responses of Amazonian birds to primary forest disturbance. Oecologia 180, 903–916 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3495-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3495-z

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