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NK1, NK2, NK3 and CGRP1 receptors identified in rat oral soft tissues, and in bone and dental hard tissue cells

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Abstract

The distribution of the tachykinin receptors neurokinin-1 (NK1), neurokinin-2 (NK2) and neurokinin-3 (NK3), and the calcitonin gene-related peptide-1 (CGRP1) receptor were examined in rat teeth and tooth-supporting tissues by immunohistochemical methods and light and confocal microscopy. Western blot analysis was performed to identify the NK1- and the CGRP1-receptor proteins in the dental pulp. The results showed that odontoblasts and ameloblasts, cementoblasts and cementocytes, osteoblasts and osteocytes are all supported with the tachykinin receptors NK1 and NK2, but a distinct, graded cellular labeling pattern was demonstrated. The ameloblasts were also positive for CGRP1 receptor. Blood vessels in oral tissues expressed the tachykinin receptors NK1, NK2 and NK3, and the CGRP1 receptor. Both gingival and Malassez epithelium were abundantly supplied by NK2 receptor. Pulpal and periodontal fibroblasts demonstrated NK1 and NK2 receptors. Western blot analysis identified both the NK1- and the CGRP1-receptor proteins in the dental pulp. These results clearly indicate that the neuropeptides substance P, neurokinin A, neurokinin B and CGRP, released from sensory axons upon stimulation, directly modulate the function of the different types of bone and dental hard tissue cells, and regulate functions of blood vessels, fibroblasts and epithelial cells in oral tissues.

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Acknowledgements

We express our gratitude to S. Østvold and A. Nyhaug for technical expertise and assistance. The NK1-, NK2- and NK3-receptor antibodies were kindly provided by Dr. Nigel Bunnett, University of California, San Francisco.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Odontology-Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17, 5009, Bergen, Norway

    I. Fristad

  2. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway

    V. Vandevska-Radunovic, K. Fjeld & I. Hals Kvinnsland

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Vascular Research, The University of Texas, Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas, USA

    S. J. Wimalawansa

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  1. I. Fristad
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  2. V. Vandevska-Radunovic
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  3. K. Fjeld
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  4. S. J. Wimalawansa
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  5. I. Hals Kvinnsland
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to I. Fristad.

Additional information

Grants from the Norwegian Research Council (grant no. 129582) and the Dental Faculty, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, supported this study

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Fristad, I., Vandevska-Radunovic, V., Fjeld, K. et al. NK1, NK2, NK3 and CGRP1 receptors identified in rat oral soft tissues, and in bone and dental hard tissue cells. Cell Tissue Res 311, 383–391 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-002-0691-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-002-0691-z

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