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Expression patterns of Irx genes in the developing chick inner ear

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Abstract

The vertebrate inner ear is a complex three-dimensional sensorial structure with auditory and vestibular functions. The molecular patterning of the developing otic epithelium creates various positional identities, consequently leading to the stereotyped specification of each neurosensory and non-sensory element of the membranous labyrinth. The Iroquois (Iro/Irx) genes, clustered in two groups (A: Irx1, Irx2, and Irx4; and B: Irx3, Irx5, and Irx6), encode for transcriptional factors involved directly in numerous patterning processes of embryonic tissues in many phyla. This work presents a detailed study of the expression patterns of these six Irx genes during chick inner ear development, paying particular attention to the axial specification of the otic anlagen. The Irx genes seem to play different roles at different embryonic periods. At the otic vesicle stage (HH18), all the genes of each cluster are expressed identically. Both clusters A and B seem involved in the specification of the lateral and posterior portions of the otic anlagen. Cluster B seems to regulate a larger area than cluster A, including the presumptive territory of the endolymphatic apparatus. Both clusters seem also to be involved in neurogenic events. At stages HH24/25-HH27, combinations of IrxA and IrxB genes participate in the specification of most sensory patches and some non-sensory components of the otic epithelium. At stage HH34, the six Irx genes show divergent patterns of expression, leading to the final specification of the membranous labyrinth, as well as to cell differentiation.

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Abbreviations

ac:

Anterior crista

AG:

Acoustic ganglion

asc:

Anterior semicircular canal

AVG:

Acoustic-vestibular ganglion

bp:

Basilar papilla

cc:

Common crus

cd:

Cochlear duct

ect:

Ectoderm

ed:

Endolymphatic duct

es:

Endolymphatic sac

HB:

Hindbrain

hp:

Horizontal pouch

lc:

Lateral crista

lsc:

Lateral semicircular canal

ml:

Macula lagena

mn:

Macula neglecta

ms:

Macula sacculi

mu:

Macula utriculi

ov:

Otic vesicle

pc:

Posterior crista

psc:

Posterior semicircular canal

s:

Saccule

tv:

Tegmentum vasculosum

u:

Utricle

VG:

Vestibular ganglion

vp:

Vertical pouch

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by: Grant sponsor: Spanish Ministry of Science, BFU2010-19461; Grant sponsor: Junta de Extremadura, GR10152 (to M.H.-S.); Grant sponsor: MICINN, BFU2006-15530-C02/BFI (to L.R.-G.); Grant sponsor: Spanish Ministry of Science, BFU2005-09378-C02-01; Grant sponsor: MICINN, BFU2014-57516P; Grant sponsor: SENECA Foundation, 19904/GERM/15 (to L.P.); Grant sponsor: MICINN, BFU2006-15530-C01/BFI (to P.A); Grant sponsor: Junta-de-Extremadura predoctoral fellowship, PRE/08031 (to L.-O.S.-G.). The 3A10 antibody developed by T.M. Jessell and J. Dodd was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank developed under the auspices of the NICHD and maintained by The University of Iowa, Department of Biology, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Grant sponsor: BFU2010-19461 and GR10152 (M.H.S.); BFU2005-09378-C02-01, BFU2014-51517P (with FDR fond support), SENECA 04548/GERM/06-10891, and MICINN, ISCIII, CIBER en Enfermedades Raras U736 (L.P.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Biology, School of Science, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, E06071, Badajoz, Spain

    Sheila Cardeña-Núñez, Luis Óscar Sánchez-Guardado, Lucía Rodríguez-Gallardo & Matías Hidalgo-Sánchez

  2. Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de La Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), E30100, Murcia, Spain

    Rubén Corral-San-Miguel, Faustino Marín, Luis Puelles & Pilar Aroca

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  1. Sheila Cardeña-Núñez
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  2. Luis Óscar Sánchez-Guardado
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  8. Matías Hidalgo-Sánchez
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Correspondence to Matías Hidalgo-Sánchez.

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Cardeña-Núñez, S., Sánchez-Guardado, L.Ó., Corral-San-Miguel, R. et al. Expression patterns of Irx genes in the developing chick inner ear. Brain Struct Funct 222, 2071–2092 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-016-1326-6

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