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Origin of the Permian-Triassic komatiites, northwestern Vietnam

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Abstract

Rare examples of Phanerozoic komatiites are found in the Song Da zone, NW Vietnam. These komatiites were erupted through continental crust and may belong to the SE extension of the Permo-Triassic Emeishan volcanic province located in SW China. They provide a good opportunity to study the source characteristics of starting plume magmas in a continental flood basalt province. Erupted on late-Permian carbonate rocks, the komatiitic rocks are interbedded with low-Ti olivine basalts. Basaltic komatiites display pyroxene spinifex textures, while more magnesian rocks (MgO up to 32 wt.%) are porphyritic, containing a single, cognate population of euhedral to elongated olivine phenocrysts with Fo up to 93.0%. This suggests a highly magnesian parental magma with 22–23 wt.% MgO. In terms of major and minor elements, the komatiites are similar to the ca. 89 Ma old Gorgona Island komatiites of Colombia. The Song Da komatiites are also strongly light-rare-earth-element- (LREE) depleted (CeN/YbN 0.30–0.62) and have unfractionated heavy rare earth element (HREE) patterns. The komatiites have high Os concentrations (up to 7.0 ppb), low but variable Re/Os ratios, and define an isochron with an age of 270±21 Ma, and an initial 188Os/187Os ratio of 0.12506± 0.00041 (γOs=+0.02±0.40). The Os isotopic systematics of the komatiites show no effects of crustal contamination. In contrast, their initial εNd values range from +3 to +8, reflecting varying but generally small degrees of contamination with Proterozoic sialic basement material. Associated low-Ti basalts have low initial εNd values (−0.8 to −7.5), high initial γOs values (≥15), flat or LREE-enriched REE patterns, and Nb-Ta depletion. These characteristics are also attributed to variable extents of crustal contamination.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Lassi Pakkanen for performing microprobe analyses and Dima Kamenetsky for providing major and trace element analyses for two komatiite samples. We are grateful to Stephen Parman and an anonymous referee for their helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by NSF grant 9909197 (to RJW) and grants 03–05–65088 and 02–05–65087 from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (to GVP and PAB), which is gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Eero Hanski

    Present address: Department of Geosciences, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014 , Oulun yliopisto, Finland

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Survey of Finland, P.O. Box 77, FIN-96101 , Rovaniemi, Finland

    Eero Hanski

  2. Department of Geology, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, Maryland , 20742, USA

    Richard J. Walker

  3. Geological Survey of Finland, P.O. Box 96, FIN-02151 , Espoo, Finland

    Hannu Huhma

  4. Institute of Geology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Gleb V. Polyakov & Pavel A. Balykin

  5. Institute of Geological Sciences, NCNST, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Tran Trong Hoa &  Ngo Thi Phuong

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Hanski, E., Walker, R.J., Huhma, H. et al. Origin of the Permian-Triassic komatiites, northwestern Vietnam. Contrib Mineral Petrol 147, 453–469 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-004-0567-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-004-0567-1

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