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Postprandial glucose, insulin and gastrointestinal hormones in healthy and diabetic subjects fed a fructose-free and resistant starch type IV-enriched enteral formula

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Abstract

Background

Reducing the dietary glycaemic response has been proposed as a means of reducing the risk of diabetes.

Aim

To evaluate the effects of a new diabetes-specific formula (DSF) enriched with resistant starch type IV and fructose-free on postprandial glycaemia, insulinaemia and gastrointestinal hormones in healthy volunteers and in outpatient type 2 diabetics.

Methods

(1) Twenty-four healthy volunteers were divided into two groups: Group 1 ( n = 10) was provided 50 g of the carbohydrate (CHO) constituent of the new product and 50 g of glucose separated by 1 week; Group 2 ( n = 14) was provided 400 ml of the new DSF (T-Diet Plus® Diabet NP) and 400 ml of a control product separated by 1 week. (2) Ten type 2 diabetic patients received 400 ml of the new DSF and two other commercially available DSF (Glucerna® SR and Novasource® Diabet) on three occasions separated by 1 week. Venous blood samples were drawn at time 0 and at different times until 120 min. Glucose, insulin and gastrointestinal hormones were determined. Glycaemic and insulinaemic indices and glycaemic load were calculated.

Results

The CHO constituent and the new DSF showed low glycaemic index and glycaemic load. In healthy subjects, insulin and C-peptide release were lower after administration of the CHO constituent as well as after the new DSF (P < 0.001). Ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) production were lower after intake of the CHO constituent (P ranging from <0.001 to 0.019) compared with glucose, and GIP was lower after ingestion of the new DSF (P = 0.002) than after the control product. In type 2 diabetic patients, glucose AUC was lower after the administration of the new DSF (P = 0.037) compared with the others.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that this new product could be beneficial for diabetic patients.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been funded by a research contract no. 2964 between the Granada University-Business Foundation and Vegenat S.A. We thank all volunteers for their participation. Thanks to the staff from the UHVN for technical assistance and MT Miranda for statistical support. Vegenat S.A. sponsored the study and supplied the nutritional products.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain

    Cruz Erika García-Rodríguez, María Dolores Mesa, Josune Olza & Ángel Gil

  2. Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain

    Gilda Buccianti, Rosario Moreno-Torres & Antonio Pérez de la Cruz

  3. Research and Development Department, VEGENAT, S.A., Pueblonuevo del Guadiana, Badajoz, Spain

    Milagros Pérez

Authors
  1. Cruz Erika García-Rodríguez
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  2. María Dolores Mesa
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Correspondence to Cruz Erika García-Rodríguez.

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García-Rodríguez, C.E., Mesa, M.D., Olza, J. et al. Postprandial glucose, insulin and gastrointestinal hormones in healthy and diabetic subjects fed a fructose-free and resistant starch type IV-enriched enteral formula. Eur J Nutr 52, 1569–1578 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-012-0462-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-012-0462-x

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