Skip to main content
Log in

Hotelling’s T2 control chart with double warning lines

  • Articles
  • Published:
Statistical Papers Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Recent studies have shown that the T 2 control chart with variable sampling intervals (VSI) and/or variable sample sizes (VSS) detects process shifts faster than the traditional T 2 chart. This article extends these studies for processes that are monitored with VSI and VSS using double warning lines (T 2 —DWL). It is assumed that the length of time the process remains in control has exponential distribution. The properties of T 2 —DWL chart are obtained using Markov chains. The results show that the T 2 —DWL chart is quicker than VSI and/or VSS charts in detecting almost all shifts in the process mean.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alt, F. B. (1973), Aspects of Multivariate Control Charts. M.Sc. Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alt, F. B. (1982), Multivariate Quality Control: State of the art. ASQC Quality Congress Transactions, 886–893.

  • Alt, F. B. (1985), Multivariate control charts. In Encyclopedia of statistical Science, vol. 6, S. Kotz and N.L. Johnson (eds.), New York: Wiley, 110–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aparisi, F. (1996), Hotelling’s T 2 control chart with adaptive sample sizes, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 34, No. 10, 2853–2862.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Aparisi, F. (2000), Sampling plans for the multivariate T 2 control chart. International Journal of Production Research,

  • Aparisi, F. and Haro, C. L. (2001), Hotelling’s T 2 control chart with variable sampling intervals, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 39, No. 14, 3127–3140.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Aparisi, F. and Haro, C. L. (2003), A comparison of T 2 charts with variable sampling scheme as opposed to MEWMA chart. International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 41, No. 10, 2169–2182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bai, D. S. and Lee, K. T. (2002), Variable sampling interval \(\bar X\) control charts with an improved switching rule, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 76, 189–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burr, I.W. (1969), Control charts for measurements with varying sample sizes, Journal of Quality Technology, No. 1, 63–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chengalur, I. N., Arnold, J. C., and Reynolds, M. R., Jr. (1989), Variable sampling intervals for multi parameter Shewhart charts. Communication in Statistics: Theory and Methods, 18, 1769–1792.

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Costa, A. F. B. (1994), \(\bar X\) charts with variable sampling size. Journal of Quality Technology, No. 26, 155–163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa, A. F. B. (1997), \(\bar X\) charts with variable sample size and sampling intervals. Journal of Quality Technology, No. 29, No. 2, 197–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cui, R. and Reynolds, M. R., Jr. (1988), \(\bar X\)-charts with runs rules and variable sampling intervals. Communications in statistics: Simulation and Computation, 17, 1073–1093.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Daudin, J. J. (1992), Double sampling \(\bar X\) charts. Journal of Quality Technology, 24, 78–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hotelling, H. (1947), Multivariate quality control. In Techniques of statistical Analysis, C. Eisenhart, M. Hastay and W. A. Wallis (eds.), New York: McGraw-Hill, pp 111–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, J. E. (1959), Quality control methods for several related variables. Technometrics, Vol. 1, No. 4, 359–377.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, J. E. (1985), Multivariate Quality Control. Communications in Statistics, Vol. 14, No. 11, 2657–2688.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Lowry, C. A., Woodall, W. H., Champ, C. W. and Rigdon, S. E. (1992), A multivariate exponentially weighted moving average control charts. Technometrics, Vol. 34, No. 1, 46–53

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Molnau, W. E., Runger, G. C., Montgomery, D. C., Skinner, K. R., Loredo, E. N., and Prabhu, S. S. (2001), A program for ARL calculation for multivariate EWMA charts. Journal of Quality Technology, Vol. 33, No. 4, 515–521

    Google Scholar 

  • Park, C. and Reynolds, M. R., Jr. (1999), Economic design of a variable sampling rate \(\bar X\)-chart. Journal of Quality Technology, Vol. 31, 427–443.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pignatiello, J. J. and Runger, G. C. (1990), Comparisons of Multivariate CUSUM Charts, Journal of Quality Technology, Vol. 22, 173–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prabhu, S. S., Runger, G. C. and Keats, J. B. (1993), \(\bar X\) chart with adaptive sample sizes. International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 31, 2895–2909.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prabhu, S. S., Montgomery, D. C. and Runger, G. C. (1994), A combined daptive sample size and sampling interval \(\bar X\) control scheme. Journal of Quality Technology, Vol. 26, NO. 3, 164–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prabhu, S. S. and Runger, G. C. (1997), Designing a Multivariate EWMA Control Chart. Journal of Quality Technology, Vol. 29, No. 1, 8–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, M. R., Jr., and Arnold, J. C. (1989), Optimal one-sided Shewhart control charts with variable sampling intervals. Sequential Analysis, Vol. 8, 51–77.

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, M. R., JR., and Arnold, J. C. (1996), Variable sampling intervals \(\bar X\) charts in the presence of correlation. Journal of Quality technology, Vol. 28, No. 2, 12–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, M. R., (1996a), Shewhart and EWMA control charts using Variable sampling intervals with sampling at fixed times. Journal of Quality technoloby, Vol. 28, 199–212.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, M. R., JR. (1996b), Variable sampling interval control charts with sampling at fixed times. HE Transactions, Vol. 28, 497–510.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, M. R. Jr. and Arnold J. C. (2001), EWMA control charts with variable sample sizes and variable sampling intervals, Vol. 33, 511–530.

    Google Scholar 

  • Runger, G. C., and Pignatiello, J. J. (1991), Adaptive sampling for process controls. Journal of Quality Technology, Vol. 23, 135–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Runger, G. C., and Montgomery, D. C. (1993), Adaptive sampling enhancements for Shewhart control charts. HE Transactions, Vol. 25, 41–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Runger, G. C. and Prabhu, S. S. (1996), A Markov chain model for the multivariate exponentially weighted moving average control chart. JASA, Vol. 91, No. 436, 1701–1706.

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Saccucci, M. S., Amin, R. W. and Lucas, J. M. (1992), Exponentially weighted moving average control schemes with variable sampling intervals. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, Vol. 21, 627–657.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Shamma, S. E., Amin, R. W. and Shamma, A. K. (1991) A double exponentially weighted moving average control procedure with variable sampling intervals. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, Vol. 20, 511–528.

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Taam, W., Subbaiah, P., and Liddy, W. (1993), A note on multivariate capability indices. Journal of Applied Statistics Vol. 20, No. 3, 339–351

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimmer, L. S., Montgomery, D. C., and Runger, G. C., (1998), Evaluation of a Three-state adaptive sample size \(\bar X\) control chart. International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 36, 733–743.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Faraz, A., Parsian, A. Hotelling’s T2 control chart with double warning lines. Statistical Papers 47, 569–593 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00362-006-0307-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00362-006-0307-x

Key words

Navigation