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Age and reproduction in two Antarctic plunderfishes (Artedidraconidae) from the Weddell Sea

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Abstract

The Antarctic plunderfishes (Artedidraconidae) are a poorly known component of the bottom fish fauna inhabiting the continental shelf of the High Antarctic Zone. Biological data on these fishes are still rather scarce and generally based on only a few specimens. To increase the knowledge of this group, we investigated the reproductive biology and population age structure of Artedidraco skottsbergi and Dolloidraco longedorsalis, the most abundant plunderfishes collected during the 2013/2014 expedition of the RV Polarstern in the Weddell Sea. Based on macroscopic and histological analyses, we found that both species exhibited prolonged gametogenesis and produced few eggs. Estimates of absolute and relative fecundity were lower in A. skottsbergi than in D. longedorsalis, ranging from 69 ± 7 oocytes per female and 11.4 ± 4.3 oocytes/g, and from 209 ± 73 oocytes per female and 13.5 ± 3.7 oocytes/g, respectively. Female size at first spawning was estimated to be 9.5 and 11 cm in A. skottsbergi and D. longedorsalis, respectively. Age and growth were assessed through otolith readings, and estimates of age ranged between 6 and 14 years in A. skottsbergi and between 3 and 14 years in D. longedorsalis. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were only estimated for D. longedorsalis (L ∞ = 12.5 cm, k = 0.27, t 0 = −0.06). The results of this study provide insights into some of the biological aspects of these species and shed new light on their life strategies, which show similarities to those of other notothenioids.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank all of the crew members and personnel aboard the R/V Polarstern on the PS 82 2014 expedition, for their essential support during the samplings activities and special thanks to the fish team composed of Rainer Knust (Chief Scientist), Chiara Papetti, Nils Koschnick, Kai Wätjen, Maj Wetjen and Massimiliano Babbucci. We are also grateful to Anton Van de Putte and two anonymous referees, who provided helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was financially supported by the Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide (PNRA) and MIUR grants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy

    Claudia Meneghesso, Emilio Riginella & Carlotta Mazzoldi

  2. ISMAR-CNR, Institute of Marine Sciences, UOS Ancona, Largo Fiera della Pesca 1, 60125, Ancona, Italy

    Emilio Riginella, Mario La Mesa & Fortunata Donato

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  1. Claudia Meneghesso
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  2. Emilio Riginella
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  5. Carlotta Mazzoldi
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Correspondence to Carlotta Mazzoldi.

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Meneghesso, C., Riginella, E., La Mesa, M. et al. Age and reproduction in two Antarctic plunderfishes (Artedidraconidae) from the Weddell Sea. Polar Biol 40, 13–24 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-016-1919-9

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