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Mesozooplankton distribution patterns and grazing impacts of copepods and Euphausia crystallorophias in the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica, during austral summer

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An Erratum to this article was published on 12 June 2013

Abstract

The rapid melting of glaciers as well as the loss of sea ice in the Amundsen Sea makes it an ideal environmental setting for the investigation of the impacts of climate change in the Antarctic on the distribution and production of mesozooplankton. We examined the latitudinal distribution of mesozooplankton and their grazing impacts on phytoplankton in the Amundsen Sea during the early austral summer from December 27, 2010 to January 13, 2011. Mesozooplankton followed a latitudinal distribution in relation to hydrographic and environmental features, with copepods dominating in the oceanic area and euphausiids dominating in the polynya. Greater Euphausia crystallorophias biomass in the polynya was associated with lower salinity and higher food concentration (chlorophyll a, choanoflagellates, and heterotrophic dinoflagellates). The grazing impact of three copepods (Rhincalanus gigas, Calanoides acutus, and Metridia gerlachei) on phytoplankton was low, with the consumption of 3 % of phytoplankton standing stock and about 4 % of daily primary production. Estimated daily carbon rations for each of the three copepods were also relatively low (<10 %), barely enough to cover metabolic demands. This suggests that copepods may rely on food other than phytoplankton and that much of the primary production is channeled through microzooplankton. Daily carbon rations for E. crystallorophias were high (up to 49 %) with the grazing impact accounting for 17 % of the phytoplankton biomass and 84 % of primary production. The presence of E. crystallorophias appears to be a critical factor regulating phytoplankton blooms and determining the fate of fixed carbon in the coastal polynyas of the Amundsen Sea.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the captain and crewmembers of the Korean Icebreaker R.V. Araon for their outstanding assistance during the cruise. We are deeply indebted to three anonymous reviewers, Drs. Hosie G., and Atkinson A. for their thoughtful suggestions, which helped to greatly improve the paper. This research was supported by Grant No. PE 11040 and Grant No. PP13020 from the Korea Polar Research Institute.

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  1. Division of Polar Climate Research, Korea Polar Research Institute, Get-Pearl Tower, 12 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 406-840, Korea

    Doo Byoul Lee, Ho Kyung Ha, Eun Jin Yang, SangHoon Lee & Hyoung Chul Shin

  2. Ballast Water Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, 426-744, Korea

    Keun Hyung Choi

  3. Department of Oceanography, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea

    Sang Heon Lee

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  1. Doo Byoul Lee
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Lee, D.B., Choi, K.H., Ha, H.K. et al. Mesozooplankton distribution patterns and grazing impacts of copepods and Euphausia crystallorophias in the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica, during austral summer. Polar Biol 36, 1215–1230 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1314-8

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