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The influence of increased temperature and carbon dioxide levels on the benthic/sea ice diatom Navicula directa

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Abstract

Polar oceans are very susceptible to increased levels of atmospheric CO2 and may act as the world’s largest sink for anthropogenic CO2. Simultaneously, as atmospheric CO2 increases, sea surface temperature rises due to global warming. These two factors are important in regulating microalgal ecophysiology, and it has been suggested that future global changes may significantly alter phytoplankton species composition. This study aims to investigate potential consequences of global change in terms of increased temperature and CO2 enrichment on the benthic/sea ice diatom Navicula directa. In a laboratory experiment, the physiological response to elevated temperature and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) was investigated in terms of growth, photosynthetic activity and photosynthetic pigment composition. The experiment was performed under manipulated levels of pCO2 (380 and 960 ppm) and temperature (0.5 and 4.5°C) to simulate a change from present levels to predicted levels during a worst-case scenario by the year 2100. After 7 days of treatment, no synergetic effects between temperature and pCO2 were detected. However, elevated temperature promoted effective quantum yield of photosynthesis (∆F/\( F^\prime_{\rm m} \)) and increased growth rates by approximately 43%. Increased temperature also resulted in an altered pigment composition. In addition, enrichment of CO2 appeared to reduce specific growth rates of N. directa. Even though growth rates were only reduced by approximately 5%, we hereby report that increased pCO2 levels might also have potential negative effects on certain diatom strains.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financed by the Swedish Research Council (VR project #2007-8365 and #2009-2994), the YMER-80 and Kapten Carl Stenholm foundations. We are grateful to M. Appelgren for laboratory assistance and to Prof. A. Al-Handal for species identification of the culture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Ecology, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 461, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden

    Anders Torstensson & Angela Wulff

  2. Department of Chemistry, Marine Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden

    Melissa Chierici

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  1. Anders Torstensson
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  2. Melissa Chierici
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  3. Angela Wulff
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Correspondence to Anders Torstensson.

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Torstensson, A., Chierici, M. & Wulff, A. The influence of increased temperature and carbon dioxide levels on the benthic/sea ice diatom Navicula directa . Polar Biol 35, 205–214 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-011-1056-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-011-1056-4

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