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Alternatives DSM-5-Modell zur Klassifikation von Persönlichkeitsstörungen

Bezüge zu psychodynamischer und verhaltenstherapeutischer Diagnostik

Alternative DSM-5 model for the classification of personality disorders

Links to assessment approaches in psychodynamic and behavior therapy

  • Schwerpunkt: Persönlichkeitsstörungen - Originalien
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Zusammenfassung

Die 5. Ausgabe des Klassifikationssystems Diagnostisches und Statistisches Handbuch Psychischer Störungen (DSM-5) enthält in Teil III ein alternatives Modell zur Klassifikation von Persönlichkeitsstörungen (PS). Dieses Modell besteht im Kern aus 2 dimensionalen Modulen: Beeinträchtigungen im Funktionsniveau der Persönlichkeit (Kriterium A) und problematische Persönlichkeitsmerkmale (Kriterium B). Im ersten Teil des Beitrags wird beschrieben, wie die beiden Module operationalisiert sind, wie sie entwickelt wurden und anhand welcher Instrumente sie erfasst werden können. Dabei wird auch die „hybride“ Definition von 6 spezifischen PS erläutert. Anschließend werden theoretische und empirische Bezüge des alternativen DSM-5-Modells zur psychodynamischen und verhaltenstherapeutischen Diagnostik herausgearbeitet. Im Zentrum des Beitrags steht ein Fallbeispiel, das die Anwendung des alternativen DSM-5-Modells veranschaulicht und Überschneidungen zu therapieschulenspezifischer Diagnostik konkretisiert. Auf diese Weise werden die klinische Nützlichkeit und das integrative Potenzial des alternativen DSM-5-Modells aus psychotherapeutischer Perspektive sichtbar.

Abstract

The fifth edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) features in section III an alternative model for the diagnosis of personality disorders (PD). Essentially, this model comprises two dimensional components: impairments in personality functioning (criterion A) and maladaptive personality traits (criterion B). The first part of this paper outlines the definition, development and assessment of these two components, including the “hybrid” definition of six specific PDs. Following this the theoretical and empirical links of the alternative DSM-5 model to assessment approaches in psychodynamic and behavioral therapy are explored. Central to this paper is a case example demonstrating how the alternative DSM-5 model works in practice and how it coincides with common psychotherapeutic assessment strategies. This highlights the clinical utility and the integrative potential of the alternative DSM-5 model from a psychotherapeutic perspective.

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Notes

  1. Internationale statistische Klassifikation der Krankheiten und verwandter Gesundheitsprobleme, 10. Aufl.

  2. S Stimulus, O Organismus, R Reaktion, C Konsequenz, K Kontingenz.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Psychologie, Universität Kassel, Holländische Str. 36–38, 34127, Kassel, Deutschland

    Johannes Zimmermann

  2. Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    Eva-Lotta Brakemeier

  3. Institut für Psychologie, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Deutschland

    Cord Benecke

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  1. Johannes Zimmermann
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  2. Eva-Lotta Brakemeier
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  3. Cord Benecke
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Correspondence to Johannes Zimmermann.

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Zimmermann, J., Brakemeier, EL. & Benecke, C. Alternatives DSM-5-Modell zur Klassifikation von Persönlichkeitsstörungen. Psychotherapeut 60, 269–279 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-015-0033-8

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