References
Pliny the Elder, Natural history. Book XXIX. (trans: J. Bostok)
Anonymous (1911) Hyppocrates. In: Encyclopaedia Britannica, Edinburgh Inc., pp 519–540
Rutkow IM (1993) Surgery: an illustrated history. Elsevier, London, pp 230–238
Major RH (1954) History of medicine. Charles C Thomas, Springfield, pp 191–200
Sallam HN (2002) The ancient Alexandria School of Medicine. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 30:3–10
Chapman PH (2001) The Alexandria library: crucible of renaissance. Neurosurgery 49:1–13
Witse LL, Pait TG (1998) Herophilus of Alexandria: the father of anatomy. Spine 23:1904–1914
Nutton V (2004) Ancient medicine. Florence, KY, pp 226–227
Magner LN (1992) A history of medicine. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 91–100
Manetti D (2009) Galen library. In: Gill C, Whitmarsh T, Wilkins G (eds) Galen and the world of knowledge. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 100–110
Bendick J (2002) Galen and the gateway to medicine. Ignatius Press, San Francisco, pp 100–150
O’Malley CD (1954) Andrea Vesalius’s pilgrimage. Isis 45:2–10
Perloff JK (2013) Human dissection and the science and art of Leonardo da Vinci. Am J Cardiol 111:775–777
Rengachari SS, Colen C, Dassy K et al (2009) Development of anatomic science in the late middle age: the roles played by Mondino de Liuzzi and Guido da Vigevano. Neurosurgery 65:787–793
Kaplan EL, Salti GI, Roncella M et al (2009) History of the recurrent laryngeal nerve: from Galen to Lahey. World J Surg 233:386–393. doi:10.1007/s00268-008-9798-z
Stedman GW (1823) A singular distribution of some of the nerves and arteries of the neck and the top of the thorax. Edinburgh Med J 19:564–566
Hiebert CA, Liebermann-Meffert D, Kraus DH (2002) Laryngeal nerve palsy. In: Pearson GF, Cooper JD, Deslauriers J et al (eds) Thoracic surgery, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Philadelphia, pp 331–340
Pemberton J, Beaver MG (1932) Anomaly of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve. Surg Gynecol Obstet 54:594
Audifrett GF, Denizot A, Plan M (1988) The non recurrent laryngeal nerve: review of 33 cases, including two on the left side. Surgery 104:6–12
Hollinshead HV (1954) Anatomy for surgeons. Hoeber Medical Division, Harper & Row, New York, pp 389–430
Lieberman-Meffert D, Walbrun B, Hiebert CA et al (1999) Recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves: a new look with implications for the esophageal surgeon. Ann Thorac Surg 67:217
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Bernardo Luraschi who prepared the illustrations.
Conflict of interest
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sterpetti, A.V., De Toma, G. & De Cesare, A. Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: Its History. World J Surg 38, 3138–3141 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-014-2758-x
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-014-2758-x