Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Assessment and Selection of Geomorphosites and Trails in the Miage Glacier Area (Western Italian Alps)

  • Published:
Environmental Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Glacial environments are considered geomorphosites because they exhibit all of the features that characterise sites of geomorphological interest. The Miage Glacier, in particular, is the most important debris-covered glacier of the Italian Alps, and it has been extensively studied since the 18th century because of its scientific features. In this area, the geomorphological and geological attributes are evaluated at 11 sites that have been individuated along the three main touristic trails, which allow an exploration of the surroundings of the glacial tongue and its two main lobes. Using a methodology previously tested in a fluvial environment, single sites and trails are quantitatively assessed to determine the most suitable trail for educational purposes. Hazards that could potentially affect the trails are considered in terms of both risk education and final selection of the most suitable trails for the various possible user groups. The richness of scientific data in this area should increase its importance as a geomorphosite by increasing the educational value of the Miage Glacier and the Veny Valley.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arnod PA (1968) Relation des passages de tout le circuit du Duche d’Aoste venant des provinces circonvoisines avec un sommaire description des montagnes, 1691 et 1694. Dresses par Philibert-Amedee Arnod des Conseillers commis, juge au baillat d’Aoste pour S.A.R., commissaire et intendant deputè par le Conseil des Commis. Manuscript Archivio di Stato, Torino, Archivum Augustanum 1:11–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Baretti M (1880) II ghiacciaio del Miage. Versante italiano del gruppo del Monte Bianco. Memorie della Regia Accademia delle Scienze di Torino II 34:3–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell FJ (1998) Environmental geology. Principles and practice. Blackwell Scientific Publisher, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Benn DI, Evans DJA (1998) Glaciers and glaciations. Hodder Arnold Publication, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Bollati I, Pelfini M (2010) Il paesaggio fisico italiano: una varietà di una varietà di geomorfositi di rilevante valenza per la ricerca scientifica e didattica. Boll Soc Geogr Ital XIII III:169–202

    Google Scholar 

  • Bollati I, Pelfini M, Pellegrini L, Bazzi A, Duci G (2011) Active geomorphosite and educational application: a didactical itinerary along Trebbia River (Northern Apennines, Italy). In: Reynard E, Laigre L, Kramar N (eds) Les géosciences au service de la société. Actes du colloque en l’honneur du Professeur Michel Marthaler, 24–26 juin 2010. Lausanne, Institut de Géographie de l’Université de Lausanne, Géovisions 37, pp.219–234

  • Bollati I, Pelfini M, Pellegrini L (2012) A geomorphosites selection method for educational purposes: a case study in Trebbia Valley (Emilia Romagna, Italy). Geogr Fis Din Quat 35(2012):23–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Boschis G (2011) Il B-17 scomparso sul Monte Bianco. La Rivista del CAI 5(2011):28–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Bozzoni M, Pelfini M (2007) Pericolosità geomorfologiche e vulnerabilità lungo i sentieri turistici in ambiente alpino: proposta metodologica per le loro individuazione e rappresentazione. In: Piccazzo M, Brandolini P, Pelfini M (eds) Clima e rischio geomorfologico in aree turistiche. Patron Editore, Bologna, pp 29–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Caccianiga M, Andreis C, Diolaiuti G, D’Agata C, Mihalcea C, Smiraglia C (2011) Alpine debris covered glaciers as a habitat for plant life. The Holocene 21:1011–1020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Capello CF (1940) I laghi glaciali del Miage. L’Universo 21(10):685–705

    Google Scholar 

  • Cayla N (2009) Le patrimoine géologique de l’arc alpin. De la médiation scientifique à la valorisation géotouristique. Unpublished PhD Thèse, Université de Savoie

  • Cendrero A, Panizza M (1999) Geomorphology and environmental impact assessment: an introduction. Suppl Geogr Fis Din Quat II(3):167–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Cerutti AV (1951) Le vicende del lago del Miage. Augusta Praetoria IV(1):26–35

    Google Scholar 

  • De Saussure HB (1774) Voyage autour du Mont Blanc en 1774 lOe Juil. Brouillard en crayon. Manuscript (Ms. Saussure, 14/1), BPU Geneve

  • Deline P (1999a) La mise en place de l’amphithéâtre morainique du Miage (Val Vény, Val d’Aoste)/the setting up of the Miage morainic amphitheatre (Val Vény, Valley of Aosta). Géomorphologie 5(1):59–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deline P (1999b) Les variations holocènes récentes du glacier du Miage (Val Veny, Val d’Aoste). Quaternaire 10:5–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deline P (2005) Change in surface debris cover on Mont Blanc massif glaciers after the ‘Little Ice Age’ termination. The Holocene 15:302–309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deline P (2009) Interactions between rock avalanches and glaciers in the Mont Blanc Massif during the late Holocene. Quat Sci Rev 28:1070–1083

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deline P, Orombelli G (2005) Glacier fluctuations in the Western Alps during the Neoglacial, as indicated by the morainic amphitheatre (Mont Blanc Massif, Italy). Boreas 34:456–467

    Google Scholar 

  • Deline P, Diolaiuti G, Kirkbride MP, Mortara G, Pavan M, Smiraglia C, Tamburini A (2004) Drainage of ice-contact Miage Lake (Mont Blanc Massif, Italy) in September 2004. Geogr Fis Din Quat 27:113–119

    Google Scholar 

  • Desio A (1926) Appunti morfologici sui dintorni di Courmayeur. Natura 17:50–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Diolaiuti G, Smiraglia C (2010) Changing glaciers in a changing climate: how vanishing geomorphosites have been driving deep changes in mountain landscapes and environments. Géomorphologie 2:131–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diolaiuti G, Kirkbride MP, Smiraglia C, Benn DI, D’Agata C, Nicholson L (2005) Calving processes and lake evolution at Miage glacier, Mont Blanc, Italian Alps. Ann Glaciol 40(1):207–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diolaiuti G, Citterio M, Carnielli T, D’Agata C, Kirkbride M, Smiraglia C (2006) Rates, processes and morphology of freshwater calving at Miage Glacier (Italian Alps). Hydrol Process 20:2233–2244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diolaiuti G, Carnielli T, Citterio M, D’Agata C, Rosazza S, Riccardi A, Smiraglia C (2007) Il calving sulle Alpi Italiane. Processi in atto e rischi connessi ad un fenomeno in rapida diffusione. L’esempio del Ghiacciaio del Miage (Monte Bianco). In: Piccazzo M, Brandolini P, Pelfini M (eds) Clima e rischio geomorfologico in aree turistiche. Patron Editore, Bologna, pp 117–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Dutto F, Mortara G (1992) Rischi connessi con la dinamica glaciale nelle alpi italiane. Geogr Fis Din Quat 15:85–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Forbes JD (1843) Travels through the Alps of Savoy and other parts of the Pennine Chain. Adams & Black Editor, Edimburgh

    Google Scholar 

  • Garavaglia V, Pelfini M (2011) Glacial geomorphosites and related landforms: a proposal for a dendrogeomorphological approach and educational trails. Geoheritage 3:15–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garavaglia V, Pelfini M, Motta E (2010a) Glacier stream activity in the proglacial area of debris covered glacier in Aosta Valley, Italy: an application of dendroglaciology. Geogr Fis Din Quat 33:15–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Garavaglia V, Pelfini M, Bollati I (2010b) Influence of climate change on geodiversity in the alpine environment: the case of two Italian glacier investigated through dendrochronology. Géomorphologie 2:153–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garavaglia V, Leonelli G, Pelfini M, Vezzola LC (2011) Tree-ring responses to climate and to seasonal changes in water levels of an ice-contact lake in the Western Italian Alps. EGU 2011, Wien, Geoph Res Abs 13, -9192-2

  • Ghiraldi L, Coratza P, Marchetti M, Giardino M (2010) GIS and geomatics application for the evaluation and exploitation of Piemonte geomorphosites. In: Regolini-Bissig G, Reynard E (eds) Mapping Geoheritage. Lausanne, Institut de Géographie, Géovisions 35, pp. 97–113

  • Giardino M, Perotti L, Carletti R, Russo S (2010) Creation and test of a mobile GIS application to support field data collection and mapping activities on geomorphosites. In: Regolini-Bissig G, Reynard E (eds) Mapping Geoheritage. Lausanne, Institut de Géographie, Géovisions 35, pp. 115–127

  • Gisotti G (1993) Rapporti tra formazioni geologiche e paesaggio: il paesaggio. Boll Serv Geol Ital 59:137–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Gobbi M, Isaia M, De Bernardi F (2011) Arthropod colonisation of a debris-covered glacier. The Holocene 21(2):343–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray M (2004) Geodiversity: valuing and conserving abiotic nature. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • ISPRA (2012) Foglio 89, Courmayeur, 1:50000, Progetto CARG

  • Kinzl H (1932) Die grössten nacheiszeitlichen Gletschervorstösse in den Schweizer Alpen und in der Mont Blanc Gruppe. Z Gletsch 20:269–397

    Google Scholar 

  • Lesca C (1956) Osservazioni sui laghi del Ghiacciaio del Miage. Boll Com Glac It 2:29–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Masetti M, Diolaiuti G, D’Agata C, Smiraglia C (2010) Hydrological characterization of an Ice-contact lake: Miage lake (Monte Bianco, Italy). Water Resources Management 24:1677–1696

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mattson LE, Gardner JS (1989) Energy exchange and ablation rates on the debris-covered Rakhiot Glacier, Pakistan. Z Gletsch Glazialgeol 25(1):17–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattson LE, Gardner JS, Young GJ (1993) Ablation on debris covered glaciers: an example from the Rakhiot Glacier, Punjab, Himalaya. Proceedings of the workshop Snow and Glacier Hydrology, IAHS Publishing, Washington, 218: 289–296

  • Mihalcea C, Mayer C, Diolaiuti G, Lambrecht A, Smiraglia C, Tartari G (2006) Ice ablation and meteorological conditions on the debris covered area of Baltoro Glacier (Karakoram, Pakistan). Ann Glaciol 43:292–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mihalcea C, Brock BW, Diolaiuti G, D’Agata C, Citterio M, Kirkbride MP, Cutler MEJ, Smiraglia C (2008) Using ASTER satellite and ground-based surface temperature measurements to derive supraglacial debris cover and thickness patterns on Miage Glacier (Mont Blanc Massif, Italy). Cold Reg Sci Technol 52:341–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moreau M (2010) Visual perception of changes in a high mountain landscape: the case of the retreat of the Evettes Glacier (Haute-Maurienne, northern French Alps). Géomorphologie 2:165–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orombelli G, Porter SC (1981) Il rischio di frane nelle Alpi. Le Sci 156:68–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M (2001) Geomorphosites: concepts, methods and examples of geomorphological survey. Chin Sci Bull 46:4–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pelfini M (2007) Geografia Fisica, Geomorfologia e Itinerari Didattici in Ambiente Alpino, Ambiente Società. Territorio 4:24–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelfini M (2009a) La rapida evoluzione dei geomorfositi glaciali e la relativa influenza sulle valenze dell’attributo scientifico: il caso del Ghiacciaio del Miage 131–143. In Agnesi V (ed) Ambiente geomorfologico e attività dell’uomo. Risorse, Rischi, Impatti, Mem Soc Geogr Ital LXXXVII: 131–143

  • Pelfini M (2009b) Geomorfositi glaciali: il caso del ghiacciaio del Miage, un debris covered Glacier dalle caratteristiche particolari. Geoitalia 28:59–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelfini M, Smiraglia C (2003) I ghiacciai, un bene geomorfologico in rapida evoluzione. Boll Soc Geogr Ital XI(VIII):521–544

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelfini M, Bozzoni M, Santilli M (2005) Il ghiacciaio del Miage: un geosito dalla peculiare valenza ecologica. Sul Livello del Mare 23:8–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelfini M, Santilli M, Leonelli G, Bozzoni M (2007) Investigating surface movements of debris-covered Miage glacier, Western Italian Alps, using dendroglaciological analysis. J Glaciol 53:141–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pelfini M, Diolaiuti G, Smiraglia C (2009) Geomorfositi glaciali e turismo: evoluzione,pericolosità e rischi. Il caso del Ghiacciaio del Miage (Monte Bianco), Valle D’Aosta. In: Coratza P, Panizza M (eds) Il patrimonio geomorfologico come risorsa per un turismo sostenibile, S.A.P. Editore, Mantova, pp. 105–124

  • Pelfini M, Garavaglia V, Bollati I (2010) Dendrogeomorphological investigations for assessing ecological and educational value of glacial geomorphosites. Two examples from the Italian Alps. In: Regolini-Bissig G, Reynard E (eds) Mapping Geoheritage. Lausanne, Institut de Géographie, Géovisions 35, pp. 81–96

  • Pelfini M, Diolaiuti G, Leonelli G, Bozzoni M, Bressan N, Brioschi D, Riccardi A (2012) The influence of glacier surface processes on the short-term evolution of supraglacial tree vegetation: a case study of the Miage Glacier, Italian Alps. The Holocene 2:1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter SC, Orombelli G (1982) Late-glacial ice advances in the western Italian Alps. Boreas 11:125–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pralong JP (2005) A method for assessing tourist potential and use of geomorphological sites. Géomorphologie 3:189–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prinetti F (2010) Andar per sassi. Le rocce alpine fra natura e cultura. Musumeci Editore, Quart, Aosta, p 251

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynard E (2004) Géotopes, géo(morpho)sites et paysages géomorphologiques. In: Reynard E, Pralong JP (eds) Paysages géomorphologiques, Lausanne, Instute de Géographie de l’Universitè de Lausanne, Travaux et Recherches 27, pp. 124–136

  • Reynard E, Panizza M (2005) Geomorphosites: definition, assessment and mapping. An introduction. Géomorphologie 3:177–180

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynard E, Fontana G, Kozlik L, Scapozza C (2007) A method for assessing scientific and additional value of geomorphosites. Geogr Elv 62(3):148–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynard E, Coratza P, Regolini-Bissig G (2009) Geomorphosites. Pfeil Verlag, Munchen, p 240

    Google Scholar 

  • Richter M, Fickert T, Grüninger F (2004) Pflanzen auf schuttbedeckten Gletschern-Wandernde Kuriositäten. Geoöko 25:225–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Sacco F (1917) L’apparato morenico del ghiacciaio del Miage. Boll Soc Geol Ital 36:323–354

    Google Scholar 

  • Sacco F (1919) I ghiacciai Italiani del Gruppo del Monte Bianco. Boll Com Glac It 3:21–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Sacco F (1939) Il quaternario nella catena del Monte Bianco (versante italiano). Accademia delle Scienze, Tipografia Vincenzo Bona, Torino

    Google Scholar 

  • Smiraglia C, Diolaiuti G, Pelfini M, Belò M, Citterio M, Carnielli T, D’Agata C (2008) Glacier changes and their impacts on mountain tourism: two case studies from the Italian Alps. In: Orlove B, Wiegandt E, Luckman B (eds) Darkening peaks. Glacier retreat, Science and Society, University of California Press, Los Angeles, pp 206–215

    Google Scholar 

  • Società Geologica Italiana (1992) Le Alpi dal Monte Bianco al Lago Maggiore. BE-MA Editore, Milano, p 304

    Google Scholar 

  • Tinti S, Maramai A, Cerutti AV (1999) The Miage Glacier in the Valley of Aosta (Western Italian Alps, Italy) and the extraordinary detachment which occurred on August 9, 1996. Phys Chem Earth Sci 24(2):157–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamada T (1998) Glacier lake and its outburst flood in the Nepal Himalaya. Japanese Society of Snow and Ice. Data Centre for Glacier Research, Tokyo, p 96

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to anonymous reviewers for suggestions that allowed to improve the manuscript. The Authors are also grateful to Dr. Valentina Garavaglia and Dr. Giovanni Leonelli for the scientific support.

Funding

The research was performed in the framework of the PRIN 2008 project “Climate change effects on glaciers, permafrost and derived water resource. Quantification of the ongoing variations in the Italian Alps, analysis of their impacts and modelling future projections” (National and local coordinator Prof. C. Smiraglia).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Irene Bollati.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bollati, I., Smiraglia, C. & Pelfini, M. Assessment and Selection of Geomorphosites and Trails in the Miage Glacier Area (Western Italian Alps). Environmental Management 51, 951–967 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9995-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9995-2

Keywords

Navigation